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SUMMARIES OF ARTICLES

EVENTS
Resolution
«On the Modern State of the Bar and Problems of Corporate Democracy In the Legal Community»
 
EVENTS
IX St. Petersburg International legal Forum: Topical Issues of Advocate`s Activity and Development of Legal Profession
 
EVENTS
St. Petersburg International Economic Forum – 2019
 EVENTS
Russian-Chinese Business Forum «70 Years: Interface and Growth Points»
 
EVENTS
Commission on Legal Support of Digital Economy (Moscow Branch of the Association of Lawyers of Russia): Imperfection of the Tokens and Cryptocurrencies Legislation Still Can be Resolved with Adoption of the Modifed Bills «On Digital Financial Assets» and «On Crowd Funding»
 
PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZATION AND ADVOCACY PROFESSION FUNCTIONING
Melnichenko R.G.
«Non-Handshaking Virus» in Russian Advocacy
Purpose: To identify and problematize the manifestation of xenophobia in the legal profession, and also to propose measures to respond to this phenomenon.
Methods: The author used statistical, hermeneutic and comparative methods.
Results: The paper has identified both essential and external signs (symptoms) of the phenomenon of “non-handshaking in advocacy”, as well as the ideological basis for the development of this phenomenon.
Novelty/originality/value: The absence of any scientific reflection on the issues raised shows the novelty of the scientific text. The use of personal empirical observations by the author indicates the originality. Recommendations on the control of the «non-handshaking» phenomenon, which are given in the article, indicate the scientific value character of the conducted research.
Keywords: advocacy, advocacy ethics, segregation, xenophobia, All-Russian Advocate Congress, non-handshaking.
References (transliterated)
1.https://www.facebook.com/genrireznik/posts/1266321160201409.
2.https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2414696328568937&set=a.513176568720932&type=3&theater.
3.Markov A.N. Pravila advokatskoj professii v Rossii. M.: Tipografiya O.L. Somovoj, 1913. S. 375–384.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Sodikov S.D., Rudnev V.I.
Some Problems Arising From the Detention of Persons Suspected in Ilegal Drug Trafficking
Purpose: To study the problems arising from the detention of persons suspected in illegal drug trafficking.
Methodology: Legalistic method and method of analyzing criminal cases were used.
Results: The article describes the situations related to the procedural processing of the detention of suspects in accordance with Art. 91 of the Code of Criminal Procedure in cases of illegal trafficking of drugs. The authors note the violations that occur during the course of the detention and personal search. Examples of judicial practice are given.
Novelty/originality/value: The paper has a high scientific value and carries significant practical significance. The provisions contained in the paper can be used to improve the current criminal procedure legislation of Russia.
Keywords: drugs, investigative actions, tracking activities, detention, suspect, personal search protocol.
References (transliterated)
1.Bajsalueva E`.F. Prestupleniya protiv pravosudiya, sovershaemy`e liczami, osushhestvlyayushhimi predvaritel`noe rassledovanie. Tyumen`, 2018. S. 83–87.
2.Berezina E.S. Zaderzhanie podozrevaemogo kak institut ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. M., 2009.
3.Garmaev Yu.P. Ispol`zovanie rezul`tatov operativno-rozy`sknoj deyatel`nosti po ugolovny`m delam o nezakonnom oborote narkotikov: praktich. posob. Irkutsk, 2004. S. 120.
4.Drukarov I.L. Nadzor prokurora za zakonnost`yu zaderzhaniya podozrevaemy`x i obvinyaemy`x i zaklyucheniya pod strazhu // Izvestiya Altajskogo universiteta. 2010. № 2. S. 78–81.
5.Zhbankov V.A., Devyatkina E.M. Proizvodstvo oby`ska i vy`emki organami doznaniya Gosudarstvennogo tamozhennogo komiteta Rossii: ucheb. posob. M., 2015.
6.Zhuk O.D. Metodika prokurorskogo nadzora za zakonnost`yu zaderzhaniya podozrevaemy`x i soderzhaniya ix v IVS // Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta MVD Rossii. 2016. № 7. S. 170–174.
7.Kovtun S.A., Ovsyannikov E.M. Problemny`e aspekty` raskry`tiya i rassledovaniya prestuplenij, svyazanny`x s nezakonny`m oborotom narkoticheskix sredstv i psixotropny`x veshhestv ili ix analogov // Sovremenny`e nauchny`e issledovaniya i innovacii. 2015. № 11.
8.Kosarev S.Yu. Pravovy`e osnovy` antinarkoticheskoj bezopasnosti obshhestva: monografiya. M., 2019. S. 95.
9.Mazunin Ya.M. Ispol`zovanie rezul`tatov ORD v dokazy`vanii nuzhdaetsya v zakonodatel`noj reglamentacii // Innovacionnoe obrazovanie i e`konomika. 2016. № 7. T. 1.
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11.Yani P.S. Vzyatochnichestvo: ponyatie i ob``ekt // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 11: Pravo. 2016. № 1. S. 67–68.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Avdeeva E.V., Aksenov A.N.
Topical Issues of the Limits of Judicial Discretion in Sentencing for Murder
Purpose: Analsysis of problematic issues of the sentecing for crimes related to the murder by the court of first instance.
Methodology: Legalistic, comparative and statistical methods were used in this paper, as well as systematic approach.
Results: The materials of judicial practice were studied, the most common causes of supervisory and cassation complaints were identified, related to the imposing of restraint and imprisonment.
Novelty/originality/value: The conclusions are formulated on the most common violations related to the limits of judicial discretion. Among the procedural violations, there is a discrepancy between the imposed type and amount of the main and additional punishments and the criminal law rules, as well as non-compliance with the rules of the legal enforcement of techniques, including when drafting the descriptive and explanatory parts of the court sentence.
Keywords: judicial discretion, sentencing, appointment of a lighter sentence, appointment of an additional type of punishment, restraint.
References (transliterated)
1.Avdeev V.A., Avdeeva O.A. Konstitucionalizaciya ugolovnogo zakona v sfere obespecheniya prava cheloveka na zhizn` // Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta druzhby` narodov. Seriya: Yuridicheskie nauki. 2014. № 4. S. 207–216.
2.Avdeev V.A., Avdeeva O.A. Aktual`ny`e voprosy` realizacii ugolovno-pravovoj politiki RF v sfere obespecheniya prava cheloveka na zhizn` // Rossijskij sud`ya. 2017. № 6. S. 19–23.
3.Aksenov A.N. Dosudebnoe sotrudnichestvo po ugolovnomu delu: vozmozhna li obratnaya sila zakona? // Rossijskaya yusticiya. 2019. № 1. S. 58–61.
4.By`kov A.V. Ugolovno-pravovy`e problemy` kriminalizacii vozbuzhdeniya suicidal`nogo povedeniya i sposobstvovaniya v sovershenii samoubijstva // Rossijskaya yusticiya. 2017. № 11. S. 57–60.
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8.Spiridonova Yu.N. Aktual`ny`e voprosy` dosudebnogo proizvodstva v ugolovnom processe Rossii // Rossijskij sledovatel`. 2019. № 1. S. 26–28.
9.Sergevnin V.A. Harmonization of Russian correctional policy in the field of sentencing and the execution of punishment // Criminology Journal of Baikal National University of Economics and Law. 2015. Issue 9(1). P. 78–93.
10.Obzor sudebnoj praktiki Verxovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii. 2017. № 4 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.plus.
11.Obzor sudebnoj praktiki Verxovnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii. 2017. № 5 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http:// www.consultant.plus.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Galimov A.R., Bogomolova I.N., Gaus G.S.
Strategy For Legal Protection of Medical Professionals in Malpractice Cases
Purpose: The purpose of this scientific publication is to summarize the experience of joint work of lawyers (advocates, investigators and judges) and private forensic experts and specialists in the field of forensic medicine and to build the optimal strategy of legal protection of medical workers in malpractice cases on this basis.
Methodology: Сriminal and civil malpractice cases, which used findings of private forensic experts and specialists in the field of forensic medicine, are analyzed. Analytical, synthetic (generalization), comparative and system-analytical methods were used.
Results: The optimal strategy of legal protection of medical workers in malpractice cases has been developed.
Novelty/originality/value: For the first time, contradictions in definition of essence of medical malpractice are systematized and ways of their overcoming with involvement of private forensic experts are offered.
Keywords: malpractice, cause-and-effect relationship, official misconduct, health care organization, private forensic medical examination, doctor’s interrogation.
References (transliterated)
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PROTECTION OF THE PROFESSIONAL RIGHTS OF ADVOCATE
Popkov A.V.
Advocacy Under Attack: Violence, Persecution and Internal Conflicts (non-governmental report of the «Agora» International Human Rights Group)
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HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Zholdahmet M.H., Shagieva R.V.
Foundations of the Constitutional System as a Category of Constitutional Law (on the Example of the Republic of Kazakhstan)
Purpose: The foundations of the constitutional system of the Republic of Kazakhstan are examined in their comparison with the foundations of the constitutional system of Russia.
Methodology: Legalisitc and comparative methods are used.
Results: The authors offer their own vision of the “constitutional system” category, under which its basics are analyzed on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Novelty/originality/value: The article has scientific novelty, since the foundations of the constitutional system of the Republic of Kazakhstan are poorly understood in Russian legal literature.
Keywords: constitution, constitutional system, foundations of the constitutional system.
References (transliterated)
1.Au T.I. Social`ny`e i e`konomicheskie prava cheloveka i grazhdanina kak osnova social`noj gosudarstvennosti (s uchetom zakonodatel`stva i praktiki Kazaxstana) // Konstitucionnoe i municipal`noe pravo. 2015. № 11. S. 26–31.
2.Aubakirova I.U. Modernizaciya gosudarstvennogo upravleniya v Rossii i Kazaxstane v kontekste neliberal`noj politiko-pravovoj tradicii // Gosudarstvennaya vlast` i mestnoe samoupravlenie. 2015. № 10. S. 3–7.
3.Bondar` N.S., Dzhagaryan A.A. Pravosudie: orientaciya na Konstituciyu: monografiya. M.: NORMA: INFRA-M, 2018.
4.Goncharov V.V., Poyarkov S.Yu. Mnozhestvennost` konstitucionnogo poryadka // Rossijskaya yusticiya. 2016. № 3. S. 5–9.
5.Konstituciya Respubliki Kazaxstan (prinyata vsenarodny`m golosovaniem 30.08.1995) (v red. ot 10.03.2017) [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.akorda.kz/ru/official_documents/constitution/.
6.Kravecz I.A. Konstitucionnoe pravo kak metaotrasl`: rol` konstitucii i osnov konstitucionnogo stroya v mezhotraslevoj garmonizacii // Konstitucionnoe i munici-pal`noe pravo. 2017. № 11. S. 3–8.
7.Kutafin O.E. Rossijskij konstitucionalizm. M.: Norma, 2008.
8.Malinovskij V.A. Verxovenstvo Konstitucii Respubliki Kazaxstan v sfere mezhdunarodny`x otnoshenij // Konstitucionnoe i municipal`noe pravo. 2014. № 1. S. 73–78.
9.Malinovskij V.A. Respublika Kazaxstan: opy`t utverzhdeniya konstitucionalizma v perexodny`j period // Rossijskij yuridicheskij zhurnal. 2014. № 5. S. 39–47.
10.Malinovskij V.A. Konstitucionno-pravovy`e i institucional`ny`e osnovy` mezhnacional`nogo soglasiya v Respublike Kazaxstan // Konstitucionnoe i municipal`noe pravo. 2015. № 6. S. 69–78.
11.Osavelyuk A.M. Pravovoe gosudarstvo kak konstitucionnaya osnova // Aktual`ny`e problemy` rossijskogo prava. 2017. № 9. S. 47–55.
12.Xudolej K.M. K voprosu ob ierarxii konstitucionny`x cennostej v stranax SNG i Baltii // Permskij yuridicheskij al`manax. Ezhegodny`j nauchny`j zhurnal. 2018. № 1. S. 153–161.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Vinogradova E.V.
International Criminal Court: Issues of the Officials’ Immunity
Purpose: To analyze issues of the immunity of officials in proceedings of the International Criminal Court.
Methodology: Legallistic, comparative and systematic methods of research were used.
Results: Specifics of legal regulation and provision of the immunity of officials in proceedings of the International Criminal Court are revealed, as well as solutions of the arising problems in the sphere of international legal fight against crime. The historical and legal prerequisites proving a possibility of bringing of the persons under special state protection to international justice are analyzed.
Novelty/originality/value: Relevance of analysis of these issues is formed by importance of solution of the arising problems in the sphere of international legal fight against crime. This paper has scientific value and novelty as in it the author’s generalizations having scientific and practical value are contained.
Keywords: subnational jurisdiction, International Criminal Court, sovereignty, officials.
References (transliterated)
1.Aranovskij K.V., Knyazev S.D. Sootnoshenie kon-stitucionny`x principov i mezhdunarodny`x standartov v kontekste rossijskogo ugolovnogo pravosudiya // Srav-nitel`noe konstitucionnoe obozrenie. 2016. № 4 (113). S. 41–58.
2.Vedernikova O.N. Rimskij statut Mezhdunarodnogo ugolovnogo suda: kriticheskij analiz // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2009. № 5. S. 71–79.
3.Rusinova V.N. Mezhdunarodny`e immunitety` vy`sokopostavlenny`x dolzhnostny`x licz i ugolovnoe presledovanie mezhdunarodny`x prestuplenij // Mezhdunarodnoe publichnoe i chastnoe pravo. 2006. № 3. S. 38–45.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Kostyuk M.F., Goliusov A.A.
Concept and System of Banking Crimes
Purpose: Analysis of the banking sector as a specific type of activity in carrying out banking operations, as well as an object of criminal law protection.
Methodology: Legalistic, comparative and systematic research methods were used.
Results: Specifics of legal regulation and provision of security in the banking sector, especially of countering criminal threats, were determined.
Novelty/originality/value: The article has scientific value and novelty, as the author proposes his concepts of security in the banking sphere and of the specific object of banking crimes. The author also justifies a classification of crimes committed in banking.
Keywords: bank, security, system, crime, counteraction, mechanism, legalization, money laundering, classification, control.
References (transliterated)
1.Agapov P.V. i dr. Aktual`ny`e problemy` ugolovnogo prava: kurs lekcij / pod red. O.S. Kapinus; avt. kol. K.V. Obrazhiev i dr. M.: Prospekt, 2016.
2.Dal` V.I. Tolkovy`j slovar` zhivogo velikorusskogo yazy`ka: v 4 t. T. 1. M.: Ripol klassik, 2006.
3.Kostyuk M.F., Kosheleva M.V. Bankovskie riski i ix pravovy`e posledstviya // Rossijskij sledovatel`. 2017. № 6. S. 24–27.
4.Olimpiev A.Yu. Prestupleniya v kreditno-bankovskoj sfere. Obshhaya xarakteristika, vidy` i metodicheskie rekomendacii po ix rassledovaniyu: ucheb. posob. dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushhixsya po special`nosti «Yurisprudenciya». 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: YuNITI-DANA: Zakon i pravo, 2018.
5.Petrosyan O.Sh. E`konomicheskie i finansovy`e pre-stupleniya: ucheb. posob. dlya studentov vuzov po spe-cial`nosti «Yurisprudenciya». 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. M.: YuNITI-DANA: Zakon i pravo, 2010.
6.Prestupnost` Rossii za yanvar`–dekabr` 2018 goda. M.: MVD RF Glavny`j informacionno-analiticheskij centr, 2018. S. 36.
 
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Levchenko O.V., Popov V.A.
The use by the investigator of his own discretion as a guarantee of procedural independence
Purpose: To study the problem of forming the discretion of participants in criminal proceedings by the prosecution, to identify the main mechanisms that affect this process.
Methodology: In the work on the research topic, the method of analysis of documents and legal texts, the formal legal method, the method of comparative analysis, the integrated approach method were used.
Results: The article analyzes the problem of the formation by the investigator (interrogator) of his own discretion when making procedural decisions in a criminal case in progress, the formation of the concept of «discretion of the investigator» and the importance of this institution in ensuring the independence of the investigator. On identified issues, recommendations are given on improving the current legal system.
Novelty/originality/value: The article has undoubted novelty and scientific value, as it is devoted to urgent problems of theory and practice of law enforcement in criminal proceedings. The provisions and conclusions contained in the work can be used in the course of further research, as well as in verifying the legality of decisions in specific criminal cases.
Keywords: discretion of the investigator, conviction, independence, authority of the investigator, procedural decision.
References (transliterated)
1.Oficial`ny`j sajt prokuratury` Orenburgskoj oblasti [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.orenprok.ru/right-menu/statistika/pnd.
2.Zotov A.Yu. Processual`naya samostoyatel`nost` sledovatelya: real`nost` ili teoreticheskaya konstrukciya? // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo. 2018. № 4.
3.Kunashev M.A. Problemy` sootnosheniya ponyatiya usmotreniya sledovatelya so smezhny`mi ponyatiyami: «ubezhdenie», «ocenochny`e terminy`», «celesoobraznost`» // Rossijskij sledovatel`. 2018. № 4.
4.Fastov A.G., Bojko D.V. Zakonnost` i usmotrenie v pravoprimenitel`noj deyatel`nosti: voprosy` teorii. Volgograd: Volgogradskaya akademiya MVD Rossii, 2012.
5.Marficin P.G. Usmotrenie sledovatelya: ugolovno-processual`ny`j aspekt: dis. ... d-ra yurid. nauk. Omsk, 2003.
6.Bobrov A.V. Aktivnost` sledovatelya kak neot``em-lemy`j e`lement ego processual`noj samostoyatel`nosti // Yuridicheskij analiticheskij zhurnal. 2006. № 2.
7.Ogilecz A.A. Processual`ny`e, takticheskie i psixologicheskie aspekty` usmotreniya sledovatelya: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Krasnodar, 2005.
8.Nauchno-prakticheskij kommentarij k Ugolovno-
processual`nomu kodeksu Rossijskoj Federacii (postatej-ny`j) / O.N. Vedernikova, S.A. Vorozhczov, V.A. Davy`dov i dr.; otv. red. V.M. Lebedev; ruk. avt. kol. V.A. Davy`dov. M.: NORMA: INFRA-M, 2017.
9.Lazarev B.M. Kompetenciya organov upravleniya. M.: Yuridicheskaya literatura, 1972.
10.Yaroslavskij A.B. Usmotrenie sledovatelya pri rassledovanii ugolovny`x del: dis. ... kand. yurid. nauk. Volgograd, 2001. S. 57.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Сhashin А.N.
Relationship of Functionals of Law and Source (Form) of Law
Цель: В статье автором предпринята попытка осмысления взаимного функционального влияния права как явления и его форм (нормативного правового акта, обычая и т. п.).
Методология: Теоретическая позиция исследователя построена на методе материалистической диалектики.
Результаты: Осмысление особенностей соотношения права и его источников (форм) в процессе их как взаимного, так и автономного функционирования привело к выводам о наличии у права неявных функций, проявляемых не в отношении регулируемого объекта (общественных отношений), а в отношении второго элемента сравниваемой понятийной пары.
Новизна/оригинальность/ценность: Вопрос соотношения функций права и функций источников (форм) права на сегодняшний день юридической наукой не разрабатывался. Теория соотношения функционалов права и его источника (формы) полностью отсутствует и формируется автором впервые.
Ключевые слова: источник права, форма права, функция права, кодекс.
References (transliterated)
1.Biryukova T.N. Sootnoshenie racionalisticheskogo, funkcional`nogo i gumanisticheskogo podxodov v social`nom upravlenii // E`konomika i upravlenie. 2007. № 4. S. 189–192.
2.Rad`ko T.N. Teoriya funkcij prava: monografiya. M.: Prospekt, 2014.
3.Kirdyashova A.S. Analiz ispol`zovaniya v sovetskoj yuridicheskoj nauke kategorii «funkcii prava» // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. 2007. № 9. S. 90–92.
4.Gadzhinova F.M. Istochniki prava i ix sistema v sovremennom mire: dis. … kand. yurid. nauk. M.: RUDN, 2004.
5.Vedeneev Yu.A. Antropologiya prava: mezhdu sociokul`turny`mi tradiciyami i novovvedeniyami // Lex Russica. 2016. № 9. S. 9–26.
6.Rad`ko T.N. Metodologicheskie voprosy` poznaniya funkcij prava. Volgograd: NIiRIO VSSh MVD SSSR, 1974.
7.Konstantinova A.V. Formy` osushhestvleniya funkcij prava: dis. … kand. yurid. nauk. Chelyabinsk: Yuzhno-Ural`skij gosudarstvenny`j universitet, 2014.
8.Gasanov K.K. Social`naya rol` i funkcii prava i ego principov v svete neotchuzhdaemosti osnovny`x prav cheloveka // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. 2012. № 5. S. 14–17.
9.Pashencev D.A. Teoriya funkcij prava v kontekste sovremennoj metodologii // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2016. № 9. S. 87–90.
10.Bajtin M.I. O principax i funkciyax prava: novy`e momenty` // Izvestiya vy`sshix uchebny`x zavedenij. Pravovedenie. 2000. № 3. S. 4–16.
11.Gubajdullin A.R. Funkcii prava i pravovoj sistemy` obshhestva // Ucheny`e zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. 2013. T. 155. Kn. 4. S. 27–36.
12.Spirin M.Yu. Sootnoshenie istoka prava, istochnika prava i formy` prava s pozicii volevoj koncepcii pravoobrazovaniya // Yuridicheskij vestnik Samarskogo universiteta. 2018. T. 4. № 1. S. 23–28.
13.Selivanov A.S. Nekotory`e aspekty` sootnosheniya funkcij prava i funkcij nenormativnogo pravovogo akta // Aktual`ny`e problemy` bor`by` s prestupleniyami i iny`mi pravonarusheniyami. 2015. № 13-2. S. 104–105.
14.Rad`ko T.N., Tolstik V.A. Funkcii prava. N. Novgo-rod: NVSh MVD RF, 1995.
15.Kornev A.V. Svoboda i pravo: sootnoshenie ponyatij // Lex Russica. 2015. T. 101. № 4. S. 113–118.
16.Morozova L.A. O soderzhanii verxovenstva prava // Gosudarstvenny`j suverenitet i verxovenstvo prava: mezhdunarodnoe i nacional`noe izmereniya. II Moskovskij yuridicheskij forum (Kutafinskie chteniya): materialy` krugly`x stolov. M.: Prospekt, 2015. S. 13–19.
17.Kuz`miczkaya O.Yu. Yuridicheskaya sila – sila prava // Obshhaya teoriya prava: istoriya i sovremennoe sostoyanie (k 110-letiyu A.I. Denisova): monografiya / otv. red. M.N. Marchenko. M.: Prospekt, 2018. S. 396–413.
18.Zav`yalov Yu.S. E`kzistencial`noe «Ya» i pravo // Lex Russica. 2017. № 9. S. 148–155.
19.Mixneva S.V., Buzaeva S.Sh. Istochniki sovremennogo rossijskogo prava// Nauchny`e issledovaniya i sovremennoe obrazovanie: sbornik materialov II Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii. Cheboksary`: CzNS «Interaktiv plyus», 2018. S. 393–396.
20.Kovalenko E.K., Faroi T.V. Sootnoshenie ponyatij «istochnik prava» i «forma prava» // Social`no-gumanitarny`j vestnik. Vserossijskij sbornik nauchny`x trudov. Krasnodar: Krasnodarskij centr nauchno-texnicheskoj informacii, 2018. S. 148–150.
21.Meshheryakova A.V. Ponyatie «funkciya zakona» v sovremennoj teorii prava // Teoriya i praktika obshhestvennogo razvitiya. 2018. № 2. S. 53–55.
22.Kovalenko O.N. Znachenie kachestva ugolovnogo zakona RF dlya realizacii funkcij ugolovnogo prava // E`konomika, sociologiya i pravo. 2018. № 1. S. 20–23.
23.Shajxutdinova N.P. Funkcii lokal`ny`x normativny`x aktov trudovogo prava // Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Seriya: E`konomika i pravo. 2014. № 3. S. 209–212.
24.Kornev A.V. Nravstvenny`e osnovaniya prava v trudax G.V. Mal`ceva // Nravstvennoe izmerenie i chelovecheskij potencial prava / otv. red. V.M. Artyomov. M.: Prospekt, 2017. S. 95–104.
25.Garashko A.Yu., Davidov D.S. Istochniki prava kak normativno-pravovoe osnovanie obraza gosudarstvennoj vlasti // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii. 2016. № 8. S. 9–12.
26.Gvozdik P.O. Organizuyucha funkcziya dzherel ekologichnogo prava // Naukovij visnik NUBiP Ukraїni. Serіya: Pravo. 2012. № 173-2. S. 139–144.
27.Rad`ko T.N. Problema, trebuyushhaya resheniya // Razvitie rossijskogo prava: novy`e konteksty` i poiski resheniya problem. III Moskovskij yuridicheskij forum. X Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya (Kutafinskie chteniya): materialy` konferencii: v 4 ch. Ch. 1. M.: Prospekt, 2016. S. 116–119.
28.Lipen` S.V. E`konomicheskij analiz prava v sisteme metodov yuridicheskoj nauki // Pravo i e`konomika: mezhdisciplinarny`e podxody` v nauke i obrazovanii. IV Moskovskij yuridicheskij forum. XII Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya (Kutafinskie chteniya): materialy` konferencii. V 4 ch. Ch. 1. M.: RG-Press, 2017. S. 26–28.
29.Informacionnaya funkciya Kodeksa ob administra-tivny`x pravonarusheniyax // Vestnik Luganskoj akademii vnutrennix del imeni E`.A. Didorenko. 2017. № 2. S. 28–41.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Kazachenok O.P.
Formation of the Legal Regime of Cryptocurrency in Russia and Foreign Countries
Purpose: This paper aims to study the legal status of the cryptocurrency, which has developed in judicial practice and explanations of the authorized bodies given the actual absence of legislative regulation of this institution both in Russia and foreign countries.
Methodology: The research methodology is based on the systematic and structural approaches, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparison and analogy.
Results: Usage of cryptocurrency by an increasing number of individuals and legal entities in various civil law relations has become an objective reality and a certain challenge for the law enforcement in the absence of legislative consolidation of this institution. The author proposes to the public authorities to abandon the use of the term «money surrogate» in relation to the cryptocurrency, as it makes no legal certainty; and to allow the possibility of applying the legal regime of «other property» to cryptocurrency at the level of Explanations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, allowing to protect the rights of owners of cryptocurrency at least to a minimum extent and to give the legislator time to develop a single well-thought-out concept of legal regulation of cryptocurrency.
Novelty/originality/value: Currently, the scientific community has developed several significantly different concepts of the definition and ways of legal regulation of cryptocurrency, several draft bills have been submitted for discussion, and discussions of both scientists and practitioners are taking place. Given a complete legal uncertainty, the only reference point that allows to determine the legal status of the cryptocurrency and the legal fate of the operations performed with it is judicial practice and international experience.
Keywords: cryptocurrency, digital economy, digital technologies, electronic money, objects of civil rights.
References (transliterated)
1.Babkin A.V., Brukal`ceva D.D., Pshenichnikov V.V., Tyulin A.S. Kriptovalyuta i blokchejn-texnologiya v cifrovoj e`konomike: genezis razvitiya // Nauchno-texnicheskie vedomosti Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo politexnicheskogo universiteta. E`konomicheskie nauki. 2017.
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15.https://ru.investing.com/crypto/currencies.
16.www.genproc.gov.ru/smi/news/genproc/news-86432.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Gusenko N.S.
Legislative Support for the Evolution of an Integrated Technological System Responsible
for the Environment (on the Example of Japan)
Purpose: To study the prospects for a comprehensive legislative regulation of the use of drones, as the main links of the technological mechanism affecting the social and ecological environment.
Methodology: The methodological basis of this study is the synthesis method, since the author is trying to mentally build a legally sound picture of the world, given that all technological innovations appear to be part of one whole mechanism affecting the quality of the future existence of the present.
Results: The author determines the possibility of using the legislative regulation of the technological mechanism in the fight against persons committing offenses and crimes and not interested in the use of technologies for the benefit of nature conservation, including poachers and pirates. Japanese experience of using the technological mechanism to identify and solve crisis situations in nature and society is taken into account.
Novelty/originality/value: The novelty of the study lies in the need for a theoretical justification of strong contacts between societies separated by artificially created boundaries in closed social systems. The author takes the environmental issues into account, including the activities of environmental services, the environmental activity of celebrities, and a humanistic view of the environment.
Keywords: Japan, Russia, Asia, Indo-Pacific region, world, art, law, ecology, vegetation, nature, water, land, forests society, education, crime, offense, pirates, information and telecommunication technologies, aircraft, drones, remote control.
References (transliterated)
1.Xiroshi Nitta. Pravovy`e voprosy` bespilotny`x trans-portny`x sredstv: Mozhet li zakon reagirovat` na progress nauki i texniki? [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: fajl: /// C: /Users/Admin/Downloads/sangyokenkyu53_42-60nitta.pdf.
2.Terada Mayu. Drony` i pravila ix ispol`zovaniya [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.kokusen.go.jp/wko/pdf/wko-201801_05.pdf.
3.Zakon ob otvetstvennosti za ushherb ot zagryazneniya neft`yu № 95 ot 27 dekabrya 1975 goda [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/jap90080.pdf.
4.Uvedomlenie Byuro trudovy`x standartov № 11111-6 ot 18 noyabrya 2014 g. [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/common/data/notice/122701.html.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Volos E.P.
Issue of Smart Contracts Usage in Various Spheres
Purpose: To point out possible spheres of application of smart contracts as a mechanism of additional protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the subjects of civil relations.
Methodology: The author used various general scientific and special legal methods: analysis, synthesis, generalizing, analysis of legal literature, and legalistic method.
Results: Some main spheres of application of smart contracts were proposed as the main conclusion: financial services; life support and health care; technology, media and communications; power supply; government sector; cross-cutting sector.
Novelty/originality/value: The conclusions can be used in the process of further research of legal regulation of relations related to smart contracts.
Keywords: smart contracts, blockchain, civil law, contract law.
References (transliterated)
1.Vajpan V.A. Osnovy` pravovogo regulirovaniya cifrovoj e`konomiki // Pravo i e`konomika. 2017. № 11. S. 5–18.
2.Ruzakova O.A., Grin` E.S. Primenenie texnologii Blockchain k sistematizacii rezul`tatov intellektual`noj deyatel`nosti // Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Yuridicheskie nauki. 2017. Vy`p. 38. S. 508–520.
3.Trudovy`e dogovory` perevedut na blokchejn. Pensionny`j fond predlozhil vnedrit` smart-kontrakty` [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://news.ru/den-gi/pensionnyj-fond-trudovoj-dogovor-smart-kontrakt.
4.Blockchain: quel impact pour les smart contracts sur le Droit? [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.carrieres-juridiques.com/actualites-et-conseils-emploi-juridique/blockchain-quel-impact-pour-les-smart-contracts-sur-le-droit/1609.
5.Catchlove Paul. Smart Contracts: A New Era of Contract Use. Queensland University of Technology [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract= 3090226.
6.Corten P.A. Implementation of Blockchain Powered Smart Contracts in Governmental Services: Master Thesis. Delft University of Technology. 2018.
7.Cox L. 5 Applications Of Smart Contracts. 2018 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://disruptionhub.com/smart-contract-uses.
8.Egbertsen W., Hardeman G., Hoven M. van den, Kolk G. van der, Rijsewijk A. van. Replacing paper contracts with ethereum smart contracts. 2016. 10 June.
9.Hughes B. Smart Contracts: Here Are the Practical Applications of This Exciting Blockchain Technology. 2018 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/320467.
10.Les applications prometteuses des smart contracts. 28 JANVIER 2016 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://bloc kchainfrance.net/2016/01/28/applications-smart-contracts.
11.Raskin M. The Law and Legality of Smart Contracts. 1 Georgetown Law Technology Review 304 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2959166.
12.Schiller K. Was sind Smart Contracts? Definition und Erklärung. 2018. November.
13.Smart Contracts: 10 Use Cases for Business [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://ambisafe.com/blog/smart-contracts-10-use-cases-business.
14.Tjong Tjin Tai E. Formalizing Contract Law for Smart Contracts. Tilburg Private Law Working Paper Series № 6/2017 [E`lektronny`j resurs]. URL: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3038800.
 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Sokovikov M.O.
On the Issue of Rental Funds (in the Context of the Problem of «Empty» Legal Forms of Entities and the Actual Limitation of the Scope of the Rental agreement)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is formed by the author’s attempts to discover the actual forms of using the legal form enshrined in Article 50 of the Civil Code (legal entities that are non-profit organizations can be created in the legal form of rental funds). The failure of such attempts predetermined the author’s theoretical conclusions and practical recommendations for the relative formation of the rental fund legal regime.
Methodology: Legalistic method, linguistic method, method of analysis of documents and legal texts were used in this study.
Results: As this legal concept was used in conclusion of the contract of hire of the garden tool, equipment, etc, by horticultural, gardening and dacha cottage associations, but is not contained in the new law, the author offers the concrete option of the corresponding legal regulation. The author of the study considers it necessary to fix the conditions for the formation of rental funds for persons engaged in gardening in the basic federal law defining the principles of the organization of local self-government and at the level of municipal legislation. It should be assumed that the most vulnerable segments of the population statistically feel the need to use equipment that is used sporadically and, as a rule, have a high cost for them; its use in the rental funds can greatly facilitate these activities.
Novelty/originality/value: The article has scientific and practical value, because it deals with the topic, previously unexplored problem caused by changes in legislation in the field of determining the status of rental funds.
Keywords: contract, rental, rental agreement, fund, rental fund, form, organization, law, legislation, regulation, association, cooperative, society, legal entity.
References (transliterated)
1.Sinitsyn S.A. Problems of development of consumer cooperation and the state of modern Russian civil legislation // Laws of Russia: experience, analysis, practice. 2019. No. 1.
2.Vitryansky V.V. Reform of the Russian civil legislation: interim results. M.: Statute, 2016.
3.Belov V.A. lease Agreement: scientific and educational essay. M.: Statute, 2018.
 
POLICY AND ECONOMY OF EURASIA
Kanatov T.K.
Problems of the Legal Regulation of Categories of «Intellectual Property», Intellectual Property Right» and «Exclusive Copyright» in the Countries of the Еurasian Economic Union
Purpose: To consider the topical issues of the legal regulation of categories of «intellectual property», «intellectual property right», «exclusive copyright» in the EEU countries.
Methodology: In this paper, systematic and structural approaches, as well as sociological, historical, comparative and statistical methods of work were applied.
Results: In the paper, analysis of the legal regulation of categories «intellectual property», «intellectual property right», «exclusive copyright» in the EEU countries is carried out.
Novelty/originality/value: This paper has a high scientific value as it is one of the first attempts to consider the topical issues of the legal regulation of categories of «intellectual property», «intellectual property right», «exclusive copyright» in the EEU countries. The theoretical provisions developed in this study can be used for the subsequent studying and consideration of issues and problems of the legal regulation of categories of «intellectual property», «copyright», «exclusive copyright» in the EEU countries. Therefore, the conducted research creates a powerful resource for a theoretical part of civil law.
Keywords: intellectual property right, exclusive copyright, Eurasian Economic Union.
References (transliterated)
1.Bliznecz I.A. Pravo intellektual`noj sobstvennosti v Rossijskoj Federacii: teoretiko-pravovoe issledovanie: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra yurid. nauk. M., 2003.
2.Vasil`ev V.V. Sistema podotrasli prava intellektual`noj sobstvennosti // Probely` v rossijskom zakonodatel`stve. Yuridicheskij zhurnal. 2012. № 6. S. 96–98.
3.Eremenko V.I. Ob intellektual`noj sobstvennosti v Grazhdanskom kodekse RF // Zakonodatel`stvo i e`konomika. 2002. № 5. S. 11–24.
4.Zenin I.A. Problemy` rossijskogo prava intellektu-al`noj sobstvennosti (izbranny`e trudy`). M.: Statut, 2015. S. 10.
5.Kantorovich A.Ya. Sobstvennost` xudozhestvennaya i sobstvennost` xudozhestvenno-promy`shlennaya // Pravo. 1909. № 13. S. 806–815.
6.Karczxiya A.A. Prava intellektual`noj sobstvennosti i koncepciya obshhestvennogo dostoyaniya // Monitoring pravoprimeneniya. 2013. № 3. S. 8–23.
7.Kalyagin V.O. Intellektual`naya sobstvennost` (isklyuchitel`ny`e prava): ucheb. dlya vuzov. M.: NORMA, 2000. S. 11.
8.Miller P.I. Fotograficheskaya sobstvennost`. SPb.: Tip. A. Suvorina, cenz., 1883.
9.Miller P. Muzy`kal`naya sobstvennost` // Zhurnal grazhdanskogo i ugolovnogo prava: Yanvar`. Izdanie S.-Peterburgskogo Yuridicheskogo Obshhestva. SPb.: Tip. Pravitel`stvuyushhego Senata, 1886. Kn. 1. S. 37–76.

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