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Historical experienceTkachenko O.Y.Theoretical studies of the institute of the collective agreement in the pre-soviet period
Purpose: To review the collective agreement to its legal and socio-economic importance.Methodology: This article used normative legal documents of the beginning of the twentieth century.Results: In the modern period of development of our state of the increasing importance of social partnerships. The beginning of cooperation between employers and employees was launched at the dawn of the twentieth century, a period of economic crisis. The first collective agreements were a compromise against the background of strikes and strikes held by workers. The resulting collectively-contractual relations required a theoretical understanding and laid the Foundation for the establishment of an Institute of labor law – the Institute of social partnership.Novelty/originality/value: The article analyzes the issues relating to the formation of the basic ideas about the nature of the collective agreement, the parties, legal and socio-economic importance.Keywords: labor, collective agreement, tariff agreement, the collective-contractual relations, social partnership.References (transliterated)1. Janzhul I.I. Iz vospominanij i perepiski fabrichnogo inspektora pervogo prizyva. SPb., 1907. S. 5.2. Litvinov-Falinskij V.P. Fabrichnoe zakonodatel’stvo i fabrichnaja inspekcija v Rossii. SPb., 1904. S. XXI.3. Tal’ L.S. Tarifnyj (kollektivnyj) dogovor kak institut grazhdanskogo prava. SPb., 1909. S. 7, 17.4. Tal’ L.S. Ocherki promyshlennogo rabochego prava. M., 1918. S. 45–73.5. Lushnikova M.V., Lushnikov A.M., Tarusina N.N. Edinstvo chastnyh i publichnyh nachal v pravovom regulirovanii trudovyh, social’no-obespechitel’nyh i semejnyh otnoshenij. Jaroslavl’, 2001. S. 89.6. Kaminskaja P.D. Ocherki trudovogo prava. M., 1927. S. 48.7. Leon Djugi. Obshhie preobrazovanija grazhdanskogo prava so vremeni kodeksa Napoleona. M., 1919. S. 75–76.8. Taranovskij F.V. Uchebnik jenciklopedii prava. Jur’ev, 1917. S. 186–188.9. Gambarov Ju.S. Svoboda i ee garantii. Populjarnyj social’no-juridicheskij ocherk. SPb., 1910. S. 29–30.10. Pasherstnik A.E. Kollektivnyj dogovor v burzhu-aznyh juridicheskih teorijah i zakonodatel’stve kapitalisticheskih stran // Izvestija AN SSSR. Otd. jekonomiki i prava. 1948. № 1.11. Vojtinskij I.S. Kollektivnye soglashenija ob uslovijah truda (Tarifnyj dogovor). M., 1917. S. 4–55.12. Lui Pol’. Rabochij i gosudarstvo. Sravnitel’naja istorija rabochego zakonodatel’stva v stranah Starogo i Novogo Sveta. M., 1907. S. 76.13. Miklashevskij A.N. Stachki i social’nyj vopros // Vestnik prava. Zhurnal juridicheskogo obshhestva pri imperatorskom S-Peterburgskom universitete. 1905. № 4. S. 53. Historical experience
Rashidkhanova A.A.The legal nature of a will (vasiyat) in customary law Dagestan
Purpose: To Study the legal nature of a will in Dagestan.Methodology: Historical and legal, formal-legal and comparative legal methods were used.Results: The Article is devoted to peculiarities of regulation of hereditary relations of the will in the customary law of the peoples of Dagestan. Studied the essential terms of the preparation of wills, the order of distribution of inheritance and the influence of religious traditions on the legal culture of the Dagestan.Novelty/originality/value: Article has a scientific value and originality covering the understudied issue of testamentary succession in customary law on the example of Dagestan.Keywords: Vasiyat, will, inheritance law, Sharia, Muslim law, Dagestan.References (transliterated)1. Ismailov M.A. Istorija gosudarstva i prava Dagestana: hrestomatija. Mahachkala: IPC DGU, 2016.2. Karaulov N. Osnovy musul’manskogo prava // Istoricheskoe nasledie. Stavropol’, 1991.3. Kovalevskij M.M. Zakon i obychaj na Kavkaze. T. 2. M., 1890.4. Koran / per. i komm. M-N. Osmanova. Ansarijan, 2000. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICEBatanov A.N.Election of a preventive measure against a suspect: a practice that restricts the exercise of the right to defense
Purpose: Research of the practice of applying a preventive measure to a suspect and the problems that arise in connection with this.Methodology: Formal legal methods were used.Results: The article discusses the practice of choosing a preventive measure against a suspect in the manner provided for in Art. 100 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. It is established that this practice in a number of cases leads to the illegal and unreasonable application of the above measures. In addition, it was concluded that the application of these measures to the suspect results in untimely involvement of the person as the accused, which in turn restricts the exercise of the citizen’s right to defense. Based on the research, proposals have been made to improve the current criminal procedural legislation of the Russian Federation.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a scientific value and practical value, since it is one of the first attempts to consider the practice of applying preventive measures to a suspect from the point of view of exercising the right to defense.Keywords: criminal procedure law, the right to defense, preventive measures, the selection of a preven-tive measure against a suspect.References (transliterated)1. Kalinkina L.D. Pravo storony zashhity na zajavlenie hodatajstv po UPK RF ne podlezhit ogranicheniju // Advokatskaja praktika. 2010. № 3. S. 31.2. Kal’nickij V.V. Sushhnost’ i znachenie privlechenija v kachestve obvinjaemogo // Zakonodatel’stvo i praktika. 2006. № 2(17). S. 17.3. Ugolovnyj process: uchebnik / pod red. V.P. Bozh’-eva. M.: Vysshee obrazovanie, 2005. S. 262–263.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Bochkovskiy A.F.Еhe appeal of of the verdict, entered into legal force
Purpose: To study is to examine the lawyer features of a sentence that entered into legal force.Methodology: This article used normative legal documents.Results: In article problems of interaction of the advocate with the client at making decision on submission of the complaint to the sentence which has taken legal effect are considered and author’s conclusions on the matters are formulated.Novelty/originality/value: the relevance of the chosen themes connected with the peculiarity of advocacy – appeals lawyer court sentence.Keywords: verdict, legal power, appeal.References (transliterated)1. Ashirbekova M.T. Vlijanie principa pravovoj opredelennosti na postroenie sistem sudebno-poverochnogo proizvodstva UUS i UPK RF // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo. 2014. № 3. S. 6–10.2. Borodinova T.G. Teoreticheskie i pravovye osnovy formirovanija instituta peresmotra prigovorov v ugolovno-processual’nom prave Rossii. M., 2014.3. Voskobitova L.A. Konstitucionnye osnovy apelljacii v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. 2013. № 12. S. 1619–1624.4. Dikarev I.S. Nadzorno-kassacionnaja forma peresmotra sudebnyh reshenij v ugolovnom processe: monografija / obshh. red. i predisl. V.A. Davydova. Volgograd: Izd-vo VolGU, 2016.5. Kachalova O.V. Kassacionnoe proizvodstvo: puti optimizacii // Ugolovnyj process. 2014. № 5. S. 20–23.6. Kachalova O.V. Predmet proverki sudom kassacionnoj instancii vstupivshih v zakonnuju silu prigovorov, vynesennyh v osobom porjadke sudebnogo razbiratel’stva // Aktual’nye problemy jekonomiki i prava. 2015. № 4. S. 273–278.7. Kuvaldina Ju.V. Obzhalovanie prigovorov, postanovlennyh v osobom porjadke: nastojashhee i budushhee // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo. 2011. № 3. S. 14–15.8. Lezhe R. Velikie pravovye sistemy sovremennosti. M.: Volters Kluver, 2009.9. Pacacija M.Sh. Jeffektivnost’ processual’noj deja-tel’nosti proverochnyh instancij arbitrazhnogo suda: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra jurid. nauk. M., 2010.10. Presnjakov M.V. Konstitucionnyj princip spravedlivosti: juridicheskaja priroda i normativnoe soderzhanie: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra jurid. nauk. Saratov, 2010.11. Smirnov A. Princip non bis in idem i formy peresmotra sudebnyh reshenij po ugolovnym delam // Ugolovnoe pravo. 2001. № 2. S. 74.12. Smirnov A.V., Kalinovskij K.B. Ugolovnyj process. SPb.: Piter, 2005.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Sedov D.V., Nesmeyanov A.A., Rudenko M.B.About the determination of the size of liability of the parties particular to road transport accidents under the influence of road conditions
Purpose: The use of the mechanism for determining the responsibility of the parties involved in an accident due to road conditions in practice and to develop proposals for improving its effectiveness.Methodology: This article used normative legal documents.Results: With the help of mathematical apparatus of the theory of risk we can determine the probability of an accident because of the actions of the driver or road services. This probability can be considered as the measure of responsibility of each party, helping to justify the proportions for damages.Novelty/originality/value: The article deals with the definition of responsibility of parties involved in road traffic accidents occurring under the influence of the road conditions. Currently, however, research expertise in the civil process almost do not use probabilistic methods of mathematical modeling to justify the degree of responsibility of road services and drivers.Keywords: road, road traffic accident, road conditions, road service, traffic rules, risk theory, amount of liability, damages, auto technical expertise.References (transliterated)1. Stoljarov V.V. Teorija riska v sudebno-tehnicheskoj jekspertize dorozhno-transportnyh proisshestvij s uchastiem peshehodov (+ABS). Saratov, 2010.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Shagieva R.V., Kazanina T.V.Civil legislation acts regulating business activity: stages and directions of further development
Purpose: Research of history of formation сivil legislation acts regulating business activity to define directions of further development.Methodology: Historical-legal and formally-legal method was used.Results: As a result of the research, main stages of forming the considered sphere of legislation are formulated. During further development of civil legislation, that regulates business activity judicial practice, compliance with the rules of legal technology and understanding the purpose of the state – providing citizens opportunities to exercise their constitutional rights must be taken into consideration.Novelty/originality/value: Article possesses scientific value as is an attempts to consider history of development of civil legislation acts regulating business activity through a prism of the implementation of the good faith principle of civil circulation participants.Keywords: civil legislation, entrepreneurial activity, legal entities, contractual legal relations, creditors.References (transliterated)1. Laptev V.A. Istochniki regulirovanija predprinima-tel’sko-pravovyh otnoshenij: tendencii i puti sovershenstvovanija // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2016. № 6. S. 52–60.2. Kazanina T.V. Sistema i jazykovye osobennosti grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva: monografija. M.: Izd-vo Rossijskoj tamozhennoj akademii, 2013.3. Grazhdanskoe pravo. Chast’ pervaja: uchebnik / otv. red. V.P. Mozolin, A.I. Masljaev. M.: Jurist, 2007.4. Erofeeva D.V., Shagieva R.V. Istochniki sovremennogo chastnogo prava. M.: Rusajns, 2015.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Kaurakova M.V.The basis of restriction of property rights in Japan
Purpose: To identify the focal point of the sovereign policy in protection of private property taking different forms as well as to uncover particulars of property rights and their guarantees to all those dealing with this legal system by showing the content and boundaries of the idea of «eternal and inviolate rights» as captured in the Constitution of Japan.Methodology: To meet this end the legislative practice of Japan in limitation of these rights (apart from cases of misuse of rights by private law subjects – owners of property) shall be analyzed. These are main approaches of the legislator kept in the Constitution of the state as well as its general and specific legal acts.Results: The author of the present paper concludes that in Japan «inviolability of property rights» as fundamental rights is not a mere declaration rather a principle guiding the activity of public authorities making all efforts to prevent their violation or restore the balance of private law interests when they are in breach for public interests.Novelty/originality/value: The author of the present paper undertook an effort to make a sophisticated theoretical survey of the property regime in Japan as well as terms of its limitation (apart from cases of misuse of rights).Keywords: expropriation, private property, eternal and inviolate rights, limitation of rights.References (transliterated)1. The Constitution of Japan promulgated on November 3, 1946, came into effect on May 3, 1947.2. Mezhdunarodnyj pakt o grazhdanskih i politicheskih pravah, prinjatyj rezoljuciej 2200 A (XXI) General’noj Assamblei ot 16 dekabrja 1966 g.3. Vseobshhaja deklaracija prav cheloveka prinjata rezoljuciej 217A (III) General’noj Assamblei OON ot 10 dekabrja 1948 g.4. Civil Code of Japan (Act № 89 of 1896).5. The Land Expropriation (Compulsory Purchase) Law № 219 of 1951.6. The River Law of Japan № 167 of 1964.7. City planning act № 100 of 1968.8. Waterways Law № 167 of 1964.9. Designated Multi-purpose Dam Law № 35 of 1957.10. Cultural Assets Protection Law № 214 of 1950.11. Administrative Litigation Law № 139 of 1962.12. Administrative Case Litigation Act № 139 of 1962.13. Judgment of the Sapporo District Court, Civil Division № 3, March 27, 1997.14. Tokyo Governor Banned from Expropriating Land for Expressway, MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, Oct. 3, 2003. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Melkonyan D.A.Invalid transaction as a cover for fraud
Purpose: To identify the specifics of using invalid transactions to cover up fraudulent activities.Methodology: The formal legal method, comparative analysis, normative and dogmatic analysis were used.Results: This article analyzes the complex problem of covering fraudulent transactions with invalid transactions. The author pays special attention to invalid transactions with real estate, which are very common and often serve as a cover for fraud and other criminal acts. Classify the main types of invalid transactions in real estate, aimed at covering up fraudulent activities. Attention is drawn to the importance of this problem for Russian law enforcement practice. Also, the author turns to the consideration of deception as an important component of fraudulent activities. The author claims that it is necessary to improve domestic legislation and enforcement in order to increase the protection of citizens from fraudulent transactions.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a scientific value, since it highlights the topic of the most vulnerable and important for Russian civil and criminal law cover for invalidity of fraudulent transactions, including in the real estate market.Keywords: transaction, invalid transaction, fraud, deception, insignificance of transaction, civil law.References (transliterated)1. Il’in D.V. Nezakonnye sdelki s zemlej: ugolovno-pravovaja ocenka: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. M., 2013.2. Korkina N.M., Babin A.A. Moshennichestvo na rynke nedvizhimosti: sposoby zashhity i vosstanovlenija prav postradavshih // Imushhestvennye otnoshenija v Rossijskoj Federacii. 2014. № 4 (151). S. 51–60.3. Malofeev A.A. Negativnoe vlijanie sdelok s porokami voli na grazhdanskij oborot // Izvestija Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A.I. Gercena. 2008. № 24 (55).S. 218–222.4. Permjakov A.V. K voprosu ob opredelenii ponjatija «obman» i ego mesta v mehanizme grazhdansko-pravovogo regulirovanija // Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Juridicheskie nauki. 2011. № 2(12).5. Senchalieva L.Je. Moshennichestvo: Ugolovno-pravovoj i kriminologicheskij aspekt: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. Stavropol’, 2004. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Lisitskaya A.Y.Mechanism of judicial control of the contract terms fairness (article 428 of the civil code of the Russian Federation)
Purpose: The freedom of contract cannot be absolute; it has defined limits according to the purposes of the weaker party defense from unfair contract conditions dictated to it. The fight against unfair contract conditions is executed by means of different legislative constructions, the central place among which belongs to the mechanism stipulated in the article 428 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The author of the article sets an objective to compare the action of the said mechanism of control of the fairness contract conditions till the civil law reform and after the relevant modifications implementation to the law article in question.Methodology: General scientific methods such as the analysis, the synthesis, the comparison and legal methods of research were used.Results: On the basis of the analysis of civil law novels and common law materials the author concluded that the court can apply the consequences determined by the article 428 of the Civil Code of The Russian Federation to any contract conditions individually unagreed and dictated to the weaker party. Herewith it is not important whether the condition claimed is standard. The author attempted to analyse main problems arising in common law when applying the mechanism of control of the fairness contract conditions. On the ground of the research undertaken the author concluded that it is necessary to improve in future the provision of the article 428 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation for effective defense of weaker party of contractual legal relationship from unfair conditions dictated to it.Novelty/originality/value: The article has its particular scientific value and practical relevance as it presents one of the first attempt to analyze basic problems arising when applying the control mechanism of contract relations fairness.Keywords: contract, freedom of contract, restriction of contract freedom, weaker party of contract, judicial control, unfair term contract, adhesion contract.References (transliterated)1. Vitrjanskij V.V. Grazhdanskij kodeks o dogovore // Vestnik Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii. 1995. № 10. S. 100–118.2. Grazhdanskoe ulozhenie Germanii: Vvodnyj zakon k grazhdanskomu ulozheniju: per. s nem. / nauch. red. T.F. Jakovleva. 4-e izd., pererab. M.: Infotropik Media, 2015.3. Karapetov A.G., Bevzenko R.S. Kommentarij k normam GK ob otdel’nyh vidah dogovorov v kontekste Postanovlenija Plenuma VAS RF «O svobode dogovora i ee predelah» // Vestnik Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii. 2014. № 8. S. 4–97.4. Karapetov A.G., Savel’ev A.I. Svoboda dogovora i ee predely: v 2 t. T. 2: Predely svobody opredelenija uslovij dogovora v zarubezhnom i rossijskom prave. M.: Statut, 2012.5. Karapetov A.G., Fetisova E.M. Praktika primenenija arbitrazhnymi sudami Postanovlenija Plenuma VAS RF ot 14.03.2014 № 16 «O svobode dogovora i ee predelah» // Vestnik jekonomicheskogo pravosudija. 2015. № 12. S. 146–191.6. Krassov E.O. Dogovor o prisoedinenii k torgovoj sisteme optovogo rynka jelektricheskoj jenergii // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. 2008. № 1. S. 86–96.7. Mjagkova O.I. Zashhita slaboj storony ot nespravedlivyh uslovij dogovora v rossijskom grazhdanskom prave // Rossijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2016. № 1 (106). S. 123–135.8. Savel’ev A.I. Dogovor prisoedinenija v rossijskom grazhdanskom prave // Vestnik grazhdanskogo prava. 2010. № 5. S. 13–75.9. Savel’ev A.I. Dogovor prisoedinenija kak special’nyj mehanizm kontrolja nad spravedlivost’ju finanso-vyh sdelok v Rossii: upushhennye vozmozhnosti i perspektivy // Chastnoe pravo i finansovyj rynok: sbornik statej. M.: Statut, 2014, Vyp. 2. S. 253–325. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Shchennikov V. A.Concept of damage at involvement of the employer to liability before the worker under the Russian labor law
Purpose: Consideration of the concept «damage» at involvement of the employer to liability before the worker under the Russian labor law.Methodology: Formal-legal and comparative methods, the analysis, synthesis were used.Results: In article the theoretical questions connected with understanding of category of damage in the context of liability of the employer before the worker are considered.Novelty/originality/value: Article has the scientific value as is attempt to consider a question, relevant for the theory and practice.Keywords: labor law, liability, worker, employer, damage, losses.References (transliterated)1. Ibragimova A.I. Grazhdansko-pravovaja sushhnost’ i opredelenie ponjatij vreda i ubytkov // Biznes v zakone. 2013. № 5.2. Kuznecov Ju.A. Trudopravovaja otvetstvennost’: ponjatie, vidy: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. Perm’, 2005.3. Ratehina V.A. Trudopravovye garantii prava na zarabotnuju platu: avtoref. dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. SPb., 2007.
PROTECTION OF THE PROFESSIONAL RIGHTS OF ADVOCATEMerkulova A.Yu.Financial problems in cases of advocates’ assignment
Purpose: To research current Russian legislation concerning the payments covering advocates’ participation in the cases of assignment. The purpose of this article is also to identify significant problems in financing instruments of such activity.Methodology: The dialectical, formal-legal, comparative, statistical, systematic methods were used.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a scientific and practical value, because it represents the results of conducted research of the financing instruments to cover advocates’ participation in the cases of assignment, it also contains proposals to improve the financing instruments.Keywords: legal profession, advocacy, duty lawyer scheme, free legal assistance, social advocacy, right of defense, dock brief.References (transliterated)1. Kolokolov N.A. Oplata truda advokata za okazanie juridicheskoj pomoshhi po naznacheniju: problemy, oboznachennye praktikoj // Advokatskaja praktika. 2010. № 4. S. 2–6; № 6. S. 2–6; 2011. № 1. S. 2–7.2. Mereckij N.E. Uslovija razvitija sostjazatel’nosti storon v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve // Rossijskij sledovatel’. 2013. № 11. S. 24–27.3. Chebotareva I.N. Pravo podozrevaemogo i obvinjaemogo pol’zovat’sja pomoshh’ju zashhitnika v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve besplatno // Advokatskaja praktika. 2015. № 6. S. 33–36.4. Rezoljucija Ob oplate truda advokatov, uchastvujushhih v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve v kachestve zashhitnikov po naznacheniju, ot 20.04.2017 [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://fparf.ru/documents/congress_documents/congress_resolutions/37737/.5. Otchet o dejatel’nosti Soveta FPA RF za period s aprelja 2015 g. po aprel’ 2017 g. ot 19.04.2017 [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://fparf.ru/documents/council_documents/council_reports/37679/.6. A.P. Galoganov o situacii s zadolzhennost’ju po st. 50, 51 UPK RF na Sovete sudej Moskovskoj oblasti [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.apmo.ru/uid1124/?show=theme&id=1451.7. I vnov’ o situacii s zaderzhkami oplaty po naznacheniju. 23.12.2016. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.apmo.ru/uid57/?show=theme&id=1403.8. Rezoljucija ocherednoj konferencii advokatov Moskovskoj oblasti v svjazi s zadolzhennost’ju po oplate truda advokatov, osushhestvljavshih zashhitu po naznacheniju organov doznanija, predvaritel’nogo sledstvija ili suda. 10.02.2017 [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.apmo.ru/uid1124/?show=theme&id=1466.
PROTECTION OF THE PROFESSIONAL RIGHTS OF ADVOCATE
Olenev A.B.About need of carrying out a research of problems of a regulation and realization of the professional rights of the advocate which are directly not provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation
Purpose: Definition of the further directions of a research of problems of a regulation and realization of the professional rights of the lawyer which are directly not provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.Methodology: The formal legal method, the comparative analysis, the standard and dogmatic analysis were used.Results: In article results of earlier conducted researches of problems of a regulation and realization of the professional rights of the lawyer which are directly not provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation are analyzed and conclusions about the maintenance of the further directions of a research of this scientific problem are formulated.Novelty/originality/value: Article has the scientific value as lights a scientific problem, important for development of the Russian legal profession.Keywords: legal profession, advocate, professional rights of the advocate.References (transliterated)1. http://fparf.ru/corporation/community/advocacy/.2. Advokatura Rossii: uchebnik / pod red. S.S. Jur’eva. M.: Jurajt, 2011.3. Levi A.A., Ignat’eva M.V., Kapica E.I. Osobennosti predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija prestuplenij, osushhestvljaemogo s uchastiem advokata. M.: Jurlitinform, 2003.4. Pressa kak pomoshhnik advokata // Novaja advokatskaja gazeta. 2009. № 10.5. Ragulin A.V. Organizacija dejatel’nosti advokata-zashhitnika: sovershenstvovanie reglamentacii i realizacii professional’nyh prav: monografija. M.: Jurlitinform, 2013.6. Ragulin A.V. Professional’nye prava advokata-zashhitnika v Rossijskoj Federacii i zarubezhnyh gosudarstvah: monografija. M.: Jurlitinform, 2012. S. 143–304.7. Ragulin A.V. Professional’nye prava advokata-zashhitnika v Rossijskoj Federacii: voprosy teorii i praktiki: dis. ... d-ra jurid. nauk. M., 2015.8. Semenov V. Nuzhen li chastnyj syshhik v ugolovnom processe? // Zakonnost’. 2005. № 7.9. Semencov V.A., Skrebec G.G. Uchastie advokata-zashhitnika v formirovanii dokazatel’stv na stadii predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija. M.: Jurlitinform, 2009.10. Smolenskij M.B. Advokatskaja dejatel’nost’ i advokatura Rossijskoj Federacii. Rostov n/D: Feniks, 2004. (Vysshee obrazovanie).
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EURASIAN SPACEKhodusov A.A.About the system of monitoring compliance with the European social Charter
Purpose: Analysis of problems of control of observance of the European social charter.Methodology: Historical-legal and formally-legal method are used.Results: The main measures for implementation of a number of the organizational and legislative measures directed to enhancement and a pravovuy regulation of procedures for implementation of control over observance of the European social charter in the Russian Federation are allocated in this article.Novelty/originality/value: Article has the scientific value as in it the control mechanism of observance in the Russian Federation of regulations of the European social Charter is offered.Keywords: the European social Charter, the control mechanism, the social laws, the control system, the social problems.References (transliterated)1. Gom’en D., Harris D., Zvaak L. Evropejskaja Konvencija o pravah cheloveka i Evropejskaja Social’naja Hartija: pravo i praktika. M., 1998.2. Evropejskaja Social’naja Hartija: spravochnik. M., 2000.3. Izbrannye reshenija Evropejskogo suda po pravam cheloveka. Stat’ja 11 Evropejskoj konvencii o zashhite prav cheloveka i osnovnyh svobod / sost.: K. Baranov, V. Gromova, N. Zvjagina, D. Makarov. M.: Moskovskaja Hel’sinskaja gruppa, 2012.4. Mazitova I.R. Sistema kollektivnyh zhalob po Evropejskoj social’noj Hartii: avtoref. dis. ... kand. jurid. nauk. Kazan’, 2008.
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Saneev S.O.Influence of precepts of law on the criminal procedural status of minors in the Federal Republic of Germany
Purpose: To track the main tendencies of influence of precepts of law on the criminal procedural status of minors in the Federal Republic of Germany.Methodology: The methodological basis of a research is made by a complex of general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, and special methods – historical, system and structural, comparative and legal.Results: In article the criminal procedure status of minors in Germany is considered, tendencies of influence of precepts of law on the criminal procedure status of the minor offender are investigated, the selective analysis of the Law of Germany «About justice for minors» is submitted, examples of jurisprudence are given.Novelty/originality/value: Article has a certain scientific value as in her the current scientific problem which is insufficiently investigated in domestic jurisprudence is considered.Keywords: procedural status, precepts of law, measures of educational character, remedial measures, minors, Germany.References (transliterated)1. Teregulova A.I. Pravovoj status nesovershennoletnih obvinjaemyh po zakonodatel’stvu Germanii: sravnitel’nyj analiz s otechestvennym zakonodatel’stvom // Voprosy sovremennoj jurisprudencii: sbornik statej po materialam XLV–XLVI mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. 2015. № 1–2 (44).2. Ugolovnaja otvetstvennost’ nesovershennoletnih v Germanii // Johannes Jengel’mann. Advokatskaja kanceljarija [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.advokat-engelmann.de/index.php?do=cat&category=juegend-strafrecht JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACEVatrushkin A.A.The legal framework for cybersecurity of Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure
Purpose: To establish the legal framework for cybersecurity Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure at the present stage of development.Methodology: Historical-legal and formally-legal method was used.Results: The article highlights the main legal acts in the field of cybersecurity, given their characteristics. Also discussed Russian Federation’s legislative initiatives in order to create legal basis for effective functioning security systems of Russian Federation’s critical information infrastructure. It is established that at the moment there is no universally accepted definition of «cyberspace», «cybersecurity», the lack of an unified approach to the terminology complicates the process of international cooperation. It is established that there is no universally accepted definition of cyberspace, cybersecurity at the moment, the lack of a unified approach to the terminology complicates the process of international cooperation. In this regard, it is necessary to develop common terminology for cyberspace and cybersecurity, harmonized with the existing terminology in the field of information security, information-psychological security. It is established that the leading role in the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure belongs to telecommunications. Numerous cases of purposeful use of ICT to damage critical infrastructure demonstrate the possibility of real damage. Identified and justified the need for an integrated approach to solving problems, combining the development of the regulatory framework, implementation of the best management practices of information security, certified information security, the full security of the information sphere of the state is possible only with the use of own equipment as well as remedies.Novelty/originality/value: The article possesses high scientific value, because it reveals a comprehensive approach to the cybersecurity of the Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure.Keywords: information security legislation, critical infrastructure, cybersecurity, information security threats, cybercrime.References (transliterated)1. Proekt Federal’nogo zakona № 47571-7 «O bezopasnosti kriticheskoj informacionnoj infrastruktury Rossijskoj Federacii» (red., vnesennaja v GD FS RF, tekst po sostojaniju na 06.12.2016).2. Agadzhanov M. Jenergosistema Ukrainy dejstvitel’no podverglas’ atake zloumyshlennikov: vyvody SANS [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://geektimes.ru/post/269002/.3. Alizar A. Podrobnosti o besprecedentnom vzlome jelektricheskoj seti Ukrainy [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://geektimes.ru/post/272232/.4. Bolee 160 tysjach komponentov ASU TP dostupny dlja atak iz Interneta: otchet Positive Technologies [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.securitylab.ru/news/486148.php.5. Iranskie hakery vzlomali komp’jutery GJeS pod N’ju-Jorkom // BBC Russkaja sluzhba [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.bbc.com/russian/news/2015/12/151218_iran_hackers_us_dam.6. Kasperskij predrek rost chisla atak na rossijskie promyshlennye ob#ekty [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.securitylab.ru/news/485070.php.7. Putin odobril podpisanie soglashenija SNG po bor’be s kiberprestupnost’ju [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://tass.ru/politika/4512032.8. Putin podpisal zakon o zaprete anonimajzerov [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://tass.ru/obschestvo/4450321.9. Safonov O.M. Ugolovno-pravovaja ocenka ispol’zovanija komp’juternyh tehnologij pri sovershenii prestuplenij: sostojanie zakonodatel’stva i pravoprimenitel’noj praktiki, perspektivy sovershenstvovanija: dis. ... kand. jurid. nauk. M., 2015. S. 158.10. Chernenko E. Protivoborstvo sverhderzhav. Rossija predlagaet izmenit’ pravila bor’by s kiberprestupnost’ju v mirovom masshtabe [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3270136.11. Chto god grjadushhij nam gotovit? V 2017 godu vymogateli perekljuchatsja na internet veshhej [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://club.esetnod32.ru/news/novosti_eset/chto-god-gryadushchiy-nam-gotovit/.12. Positive Technologies ocenila bezopasnost’ ASU TP [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.itweek.ru/security/news-company/detail.php?ID=195379.13. Yaakov Katz. Stuxnet may destroyed 1,000 centrifuges at Natanz [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.jpost.com/Defense/Stuxnet-may-have-destroyed-1000-centrifuges-at-Natanz. JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Moliboga N.O.Actual issues of counteraction to illegal export of capital
Purpose: Research of actual issues of counteraction to illegal export of capital from RussiaMethodology: Formally-legal and statistical method were used.Results: The article considers the relevance of counteraction to the illegal export of capital. The Russian legislation has been analyzed in the sphere of combating illicit export of capital. Proposed measures to combat the illegal export of capital.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a certain scientific value, because it addresses the actual problem of countering illegal export of capital.Keywords: illegal export, capital, financial operations, currency regulation, counteraction.References (transliterated)1. Bekrenev Ju.V., Mudrevskij A.Ju. Valjutnyj i finansovyj liberalizm kak ugrozy jekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti Rossii // Jekonomika, statistika i informatika. 2015. № 3. S. 36.2. Gershanovich E.A. Valjutnaja liberalizacija: za i protiv // Izvestija Tomskogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. 2007. T. 310. № 1. S. 231.3. Kabir L.S., Jakovlev I.A., Nikulina S.I. Valjutnaja liberalizacija v zarubezhnyh stranah: nakoplennyj opyt i perspektivy // Finansy i kredit. 2016. № 4. S. 36–47.4. Nagovicyn A.G. Utechka rossijskogo kapitala za granicu: prichinno-sledstvennye svjazi // Vestnik IJe RAN. 2016. № 2. S. 176.5. Nezakonnyj vyvod kapitala v 2004–2013 godah [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://global-finances.ru/global-financial-integrity-nezakonnyiy-vyivod-kapitala.6. Rekomendacii FATF [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations.7. Sulakshin S.S. i dr. Ottok kapitala iz Rossii: problemy i reshenija // Trudy Centra problemnogo analiza i gosudarstvenno-upravlencheskogo proektirovanija. Vyp. 26. M.: Nauchnyj jekspert, 2013. S. 29.8. Statistika vneshnego sektora [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.cbr.ru/statistics. JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Rakhimov E.Kh.On the issue of the legal mechanism of counteracting corruption in the public procurement
Purpose: Analysis of the phenomenon of corruption in the aspect of its manifestations in the sphere of procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs.Methodology: Formal-legal and comparative methods, analysis, synthesis were used.Results: Some forms of corruption manifestation, which arise in the procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs, are analyzed, recommendations on accounting for this type of corruption as a significant threat to economic security are suggested.Novelty/Originality/Value: The correlation of economic security and corruption in the contract system has been investigated. The main structural elements of the system of ensuring economic security in the sphere of public procurement, including elements of counteracting corruption in this sphere, are determined.Keywords: сontract system, economic security, state order, procurement, corruption.References (transliterated)1. Kovtunova S.Ju. Mehanizm vzaimodejstvija hozjajstvujushhego sub#ekta s organami vnutrennih del v sisteme protivodejstvija tenevym jekonomicheskim javlenijam: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. SPb., 2011. S. 37.2. Naumov Ju.G. Institucional’naja korrupcija kak ugroza jekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti: tendencii i perspektivy protivodejstvija. M.: Akademija upravlenija MVD Rossii, 2012.3. Hismatullin O.Ju., Arutjunjan M.S. K voprosu o povyshenii jeffektivnosti rashodovanija bjudzhetnyh sredstv v sfere gosudarstvennyh zakupok // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2017. № 5 (108).4. Jekonomicheskaja bezopasnost’ Rossii: Obshhij kurs: uchebnik / pod ruk. V.K. Senchagova. M.: Delo, 2005. S. 22.5. http://rusjurist.ru/goszakupki_i_tendery/korrupciya_v_sfere_gosudarstvennyh_zakupok/#3.6. https://www.amur.kp.ru/daily/26609/3626688/.7. http://www.ach.gov.ru/press_center/publications-in-mass-media/26507.
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Moiseev A.A.Judicial and non-judicial ways of protection against corruption
Purpose: Consideration of judicial and non-judicial ways of protection against corruption.Methodology: Dialectical method, analysis, synthesis, comparative legal method were used.Results: This article presents the main mechanisms of combating corruption - judicial and non-judicial. Also, the levers of regulation of anti-corruption legislation and the sense of understanding of protection from corruption, as protection of constitutional human rights, are described.Novelty/originality/value: This article has a high scientific value, as it reveals one of the significant obstacles to the implementation of Constitutional human rights and the development of a modern legal society.Keywords: corruption, protection against corruption, basic constitutional law.References (transliterated)1. Koshheeva E.S. Znachenie reshenij Evropejskogo suda po pravam cheloveka v tolkovanii prava na sud // Vestnik VjatGU. 2012. Vyp. 1. T. 2.2. Minenok M.G. K voprosu o bor’be s korrupciej // Vestnik Baltijskogo federal’nogo universiteta im. I. Kanta. 2013. Vyp. 9.3. Pavroz A.V. Sociologicheskij analiz bjurokratii i fundamental’nye protivorechija sovremennyh administrativnyh reform v Rossii // Vestnik SPbGU. 2010. Ser. 12. Vyp. 2.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICEInshakova A.O.EU road transport: features of legal regulation and unification
Purpose: To establish the specifics of the legal regulation of activities in the field of road transport, taking into account the features and values of this sector of the national economy, not only for a single country, but for a whole region united by the idea ofinterstate multinational integration as a priority foreign economic partner of the Russian Federation.Methodology: The basic methodological arsenal of research consists of general scientific methods (dialectical method of cognition, method of analysis, synthesis, analogy, formal-logical method, etc.), as well as private-scientific methods (historico-legal, system-structural, analytical, formal-legal, functional, the method of modeling).Results: As a result of the study, general and directed reform activities, as well as interstate regulation of public relations in the field of road transport of the EU as the most important area of active economic reforms in the world today in the mainstream of international integration processes.Novelty/originality/value: The statement that the European legislator has previously been given priority in the choice of harmonization as a method of legal integration within the framework of transport regulation. Depending on the two methods of legal, legal regulation of EU motor transport, as well as the need to change them one way or another.Keywords: pan-European economy, transport complex, general EU legal policy, legal regulation of EU road transport, unification of the legislation of the Member States in the field of road transport.References (transliterated)1. Dubovik O.L. Jekologicheskaja politika ES v sfere pravovogo regulirovanija oborota produktov i produkcii // Jekologicheskoe pravo. 2008. № 2. S. 33–36.2. Evropejskoe mezhdunarodnoe pravo: uchebnik / otv. red. Ju.M. Kolosov, Je.S. Krivchikova, P.V. Savas’kov. M.: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2005.3. Inshakova A.O., Bordunov V.D. Transportnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza // Osnovy evropejskogo integracionnogo prava: uchebnik / avt. kollektiv: A.H. Abashidze i dr.; pod red. d-ra jurid. nauk, prof. A.H. Abashidze, d-ra jurid. nauk, prof. A.O. Inshakovoj. M.: Jurist, 2012. S. 301–336.4. Inshakova A.O., Bordunov V.D. Transportnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza // Pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza: uchebnik i praktikum dlja bakalavriata i magistratury / avt. kollektiv: A.H. Abashidze i dr.; pod red. A.H. Abashidze, A.O. Inshakovoj. M.: Jurajt, 2016. S. 247–272.5. Inshakova A.O., Bordunov V.D. Transportnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza // Pravovye osnovy jekonomicheskogo i social’nogo regulirovanija ES: ucheb.-metod. posob. / avt. kollektiv: A.H. Abashidze i dr.; pod red. A.O. Inshakovoj. Volgograd: Volgogradskoe nauchnoe izd-vo, 2010. S. 477–507.6. Inshakova A.O. Principy pravovogo obespechenija svobod obshhego rynka v transportnoj politike ES // Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Juridicheskie nauki. 2012. № 3 (17). S. 242–251.7. Kashkin S.Ju. Pravo ES: ucheb. posob. / otv. red. S.Ju. Kashkin. M.: Prospekt, 2011.8. Reglament Evropejskogo Parlamenta i Soveta Evropejskogo Sojuza № 165/2014 ot 4 fevralja 2014 g. o tahografah na dorozhnom transporte, otmene Reglamenta (EJeS) № 3821/85 Soveta ES o registrirujushhem oborudovanii na dorozhnom transporte i ob izmenenii Reglamenta (ES) № 561/2006 Evropejskogo Parlamenta i Soveta ES o garmonizacii opredelennogo social’nogo zakonodatel’stva otnositel’no avtodorozhnogo transporta. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy SPS Garant.9. Reglament ot 21 oktjabrja 2009 goda № 1071/2009, ustanavlivajushhij obshhie pravila otnositel’no uslovij, kotorye dolzhny sobljudat’sja dlja osushhestvlenija professional’noj dejatel’nosti operatora avtomobil’nyh perevozok, i otmenjajushhij Direktivu № 96/26/ES. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy SPS «Garant».10. Rossija i evropejskoe pravo: materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii 11–12 maja 2000 g., g. Moskva / red. sovet: L.M. Jentin i dr. M.: NORMA, 2001.11. Castillo-Manzano J.I., Castro-Nuño M., Fageda, X. Are traffic violators criminals? Searching for answers in the experiences of European countries // Transport Policy. 2015. № 38. P. 86–9412. Lazzeroni L. Transport companies in cross-border markets and social rights for «sustainable mobility» // Lavoro e Diritto. 2017. № 31(1). P. 37–66/13. Zitz G., Matopoulos A. Developments and prospects of freight railway transport in Northern Germany: A Delphi survey // International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management. 2014. № 18(4). P. 500–516.14. http://ec.europa.eu/transport/facts-fundings/statistics/doc/2014/pocketbook2014.pdf.15. http://ec.europa.eu/transport/road/haulage/market_developments_en.htm.16. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid= 1513320657703&uri=CELEX:32013R1315.17. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.183.01.0059.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:183:TOC.18. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.015.01.0051.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:015:TOC19. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2006.102.01.0001.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2006:102:TOC.20. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2017.207.01.0030.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2017:207:TOC.21. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.082.01.0001.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:082:TOC.22. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/_static/pdf/connect-to-compete-jobs-v3_en.pdf.23. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/pocketbook2016.pdf. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Ponomar S.P.About new approaches in civil law to a ratio of the concepts «business-activity» (business) and economic activity
Purpose: To investigate new approaches in civil law to a ratio of the concepts «business-activity» (business) and economic activityMethodology: Were used dialectic and formal-legal methods.Results: The position according to which there are bases not only for ascertaining of relevance of a research of a question of a ratio of category «business» and «economic activity», but also for their fixing the civil legislation that is caused, including need of performance of acts of the President of Russia is reasoned.Novelty/originality/value: Article has a certain scientific value. It is proved that in the Message of the Russian President of 2016 where the term «business» is used more than thirteen times, in decrees of 2017 – business is obviously not a synonym of economic activity, but it is characterized as special category, the structure of the Russian economy providing structural changes.Keywords: activity, economic activity, right, civil law, business, legislation, category, term, concept, economy, state, regulation, power, business, message, President.References (transliterated)1. Razreshitel’naja sistema v Rossijskoj Federacii: nauchno-praktich. posob. // L.Ju. Akimov, L.V. Andrichenko, E.A. Artem’eva i dr.; otv. red. A.F. Nozdrachev. M.: Institut zakonodatel’stva i sravnitel’nogo pravovedenija pri Pravitel’stve RF: INFRA-M, 2015.2. Beljakova A.V. Mehanizmy sudebnoj i vnesudebnoj zashhity prava na sudoproizvodstvo v razumnyj srok: monografija. M.: Justicinform, 2016.3. Sbornik nauchnyh statej III Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Aktual’nye problemy predprinimatel’skogo i korporativnogo prava v Rossii i za rubezhom» (25 aprelja 2016 goda, g. Moskva) // E.A. Abrosimova, V.K. Andreev, L.V. Andreeva i dr.; pod obshh. red. S.D. Mogilevskogo, M.A. Egorovoj. M., 2016.4. Alistarhov V. Annulirovanie trudovogo dogovora kak sposob ne vyplachivat’ zarplatu // Trudovoe pravo. 2016. № 5. S. 59–68.5. Demieva A.G. Predprinimatel’skaja dejatel’nost’ bez obrazovanija juridicheskogo lica. M.: Statut, 2016.6. Zvezdina T.M. Gosudarstvennaja podderzhka sub#ektov malogo i srednego predprinimatel’stva v Rossii. Gosudarstvennoe i dogovornoe regulirovanie predprinimatel’skoj dejatel’nosti: kollektivnaja monografija / pod nauch. red. prof. V.S. Belyh. M.: Prospekt, 2015.7. Gosudarstvo i biznes v sisteme pravovyh koordinat // V.R. Avhadeev, S.B. Bal’haeva, Ju.V. Bobrova i dr.; otv. red. A.V. Gabov. M.: IziSP: INFRA-M, 2014.8. Predprinimatel’skoe pravo: Pravovoe soprovozhdenie biznesa: uchebnik dlja magistrov / R.N. Aganina, V.K. Andreev, L.V. Andreeva i dr.; otv. red. I.V. Ershova. M.: Prospekt, 2017.9. Ershova E.A. Gudvill biznesa. M.: Statut, 2013.10. Spesivov V. Novye stimuly dlja malogo biznesa // JeZh-Jurist. 2017. № 25. S. 6.11. Sirotkina T.A., Pepeljaev S.G. Opyt Rossii i OJeSR v stimulirovanii jekologichnogo biznesa // Zakon. 2017. № 5. S. 57–66.12. Ivanov A.A. Biznes-agregatory i pravo // Zakon. 2017. № 5. S. 145–156.13. Ahtyrko D. Verhovenstvo prava dlja biznes-sredy. Mezhdunarodno-pravovoj aspekt // JeZh-Jurist. 2017. № 17–18. S. 3.14. Gruntovskij I.I. Pravovaja sreda obshhestva kak osnova bezopasnosti biznesa // Bezopasnost’ biznesa. 2017. № 3. S. 20–25.15. Burkova Ju.S. Vzaimodejstvie organov publichnoj vlasti i predprinimatel’skih soobshhestv: sovremennyj opyt // Bezopasnost’ biznesa. 2017. № 1. S. 20–24.16. Nurtdinova A.F. Social’naja otvetstvennost’ biznesa: pravovye aspekty jekonomicheskoj koncepcii // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. 2015. № 1. S. 30–46.17. Zashhita delovoj reputacii v sluchajah ee diffamacii ili nepravomernogo ispol’zovanija (v sfere kommercheskih otnoshenij): nauchno-praktich. posob. / D.V. Afanas’ev, A.S. Vorozhevich, M.E. Glazkova i dr.; pod obshh. red. M.A. Rozhkovoj. M: Statut, 2015.18. See the Meaning of «Enterprise», «Business» and «Business Profits» Under Tax Treaties and EU Tax Low. Guglielmo Maisto, IBFD. 2011. P. 517–518.19. Kirakosjan S.A., Tahtenkova A.O. O problemah pravovogo regulirovanija rossijskogo «domashnego biznesa» // Zakony Rossii: opyt, analiz, praktika. 2015. № 10. S. 100–104.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Zatochnaia A.D.Legal aspects of the use of digital currencies: world experience
Purpose: To study the development of digital currencies and their entry into the legal system of the countries of the world.Methodology: Formal legal method and an analysis of the real situation.Results: The article reveals the main elements of the creation and operation of digital currencies, their correlation in electronic and fiat money. The main legal basis for regulating digital currencies in the world legal field has also been revealed.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a high scientific value, as it is one of the first attempts to consider digital currencies in terms of their legal regulation and its necessity.Keywords: digital currency, blockchain, distributed registry, legal regulation, fiat currency, transaction.References (transliterated)1. Direktiva 2009/110/ES Evropejskogo parlamenta i Soveta ES ot 16.09.2009 ob organizacii, dejatel’nosti i prudencial’nom nadzore za dejatel’nost’ju uchrezhdenij jelektronnyh deneg.2. Dr Garrick Hileman & Michel Rauchs. Global cryptocurrency benchmarking study. Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, 2017. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Uskova M.S.Ways of modernization of legislation in the sphere of agricultural insurance, performed with state support
Purpose: To identify ways to address some of the problems that arise in the process of implementing the legal provisions in the field of agricultural insurance, carried out with state support.Methodology: Formally-legal method was used.Results: The author developed the way to modernize legislation in the field of agricultural insurance in Russia.Novelty/originality/value: Scientific work is of great scientific value in view of the fact that it represents an independent author’s study of ways to solve a number of problems of the current legislation in the field of agricultural insurance, carried out with state support.to identify ways to address some of the problems that arise in the process of implementing regulations in the field of agricultural insurance, carried out with state support, through innovation.Keywords: state support, agricultural insurance, remote sensing of the Earth, loss (loss) of yield, innovation.References (transliterated)1. Bogachev A.I., Poljakova A.A. Sovremennoe sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija agrostrahovanija s gosudarstvennoj podderzhkoj // Politematicheskij nauchnyj zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2016. № 80(06). S. 11–15.2. GOST 22.0.03-97/GOST R 22.0.03-95 «Bezopasnost’ v chrezvychajnyh situacijah. Prirodnye chrezvychajnye situacii. Terminy i opredelenija» [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/gost-22-0-03-97.3. Proekt Federal’nogo zakona «O vnesenii izmenenij v Federal’nyj zakon «O gosudarstvennoj podderzhke v sfere sel’skohozjajstvennogo strahovanija i o vnesenii izmenenij v Federal’nyj zakon «O razvitii sel’skogo hozjajstva» (podgotovlen Minsel’hozom Rossii) (ne vnesen v GD FS RF, tekst po sostojaniju na 03.11.2017) [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=PRJ;n=165465#0.4. «RD 52.88.699-2008. Rukovodjashhij dokument. Polozhenie o porjadke dejstvij uchrezhdenij i organizacij pri ugroze vozniknovenija i vozniknovenii opasnyh prirodnyh javlenij» (vveden v dejstvie Prikazom Rosgidrometa ot 16.10.2008 № 387) [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200105083.
Purpose: To review the collective agreement to its legal and socio-economic importance.Methodology: This article used normative legal documents of the beginning of the twentieth century.Results: In the modern period of development of our state of the increasing importance of social partnerships. The beginning of cooperation between employers and employees was launched at the dawn of the twentieth century, a period of economic crisis. The first collective agreements were a compromise against the background of strikes and strikes held by workers. The resulting collectively-contractual relations required a theoretical understanding and laid the Foundation for the establishment of an Institute of labor law – the Institute of social partnership.Novelty/originality/value: The article analyzes the issues relating to the formation of the basic ideas about the nature of the collective agreement, the parties, legal and socio-economic importance.Keywords: labor, collective agreement, tariff agreement, the collective-contractual relations, social partnership.References (transliterated)1. Janzhul I.I. Iz vospominanij i perepiski fabrichnogo inspektora pervogo prizyva. SPb., 1907. S. 5.2. Litvinov-Falinskij V.P. Fabrichnoe zakonodatel’stvo i fabrichnaja inspekcija v Rossii. SPb., 1904. S. XXI.3. Tal’ L.S. Tarifnyj (kollektivnyj) dogovor kak institut grazhdanskogo prava. SPb., 1909. S. 7, 17.4. Tal’ L.S. Ocherki promyshlennogo rabochego prava. M., 1918. S. 45–73.5. Lushnikova M.V., Lushnikov A.M., Tarusina N.N. Edinstvo chastnyh i publichnyh nachal v pravovom regulirovanii trudovyh, social’no-obespechitel’nyh i semejnyh otnoshenij. Jaroslavl’, 2001. S. 89.6. Kaminskaja P.D. Ocherki trudovogo prava. M., 1927. S. 48.7. Leon Djugi. Obshhie preobrazovanija grazhdanskogo prava so vremeni kodeksa Napoleona. M., 1919. S. 75–76.8. Taranovskij F.V. Uchebnik jenciklopedii prava. Jur’ev, 1917. S. 186–188.9. Gambarov Ju.S. Svoboda i ee garantii. Populjarnyj social’no-juridicheskij ocherk. SPb., 1910. S. 29–30.10. Pasherstnik A.E. Kollektivnyj dogovor v burzhu-aznyh juridicheskih teorijah i zakonodatel’stve kapitalisticheskih stran // Izvestija AN SSSR. Otd. jekonomiki i prava. 1948. № 1.11. Vojtinskij I.S. Kollektivnye soglashenija ob uslovijah truda (Tarifnyj dogovor). M., 1917. S. 4–55.12. Lui Pol’. Rabochij i gosudarstvo. Sravnitel’naja istorija rabochego zakonodatel’stva v stranah Starogo i Novogo Sveta. M., 1907. S. 76.13. Miklashevskij A.N. Stachki i social’nyj vopros // Vestnik prava. Zhurnal juridicheskogo obshhestva pri imperatorskom S-Peterburgskom universitete. 1905. № 4. S. 53. Historical experience
Rashidkhanova A.A.The legal nature of a will (vasiyat) in customary law Dagestan
Purpose: To Study the legal nature of a will in Dagestan.Methodology: Historical and legal, formal-legal and comparative legal methods were used.Results: The Article is devoted to peculiarities of regulation of hereditary relations of the will in the customary law of the peoples of Dagestan. Studied the essential terms of the preparation of wills, the order of distribution of inheritance and the influence of religious traditions on the legal culture of the Dagestan.Novelty/originality/value: Article has a scientific value and originality covering the understudied issue of testamentary succession in customary law on the example of Dagestan.Keywords: Vasiyat, will, inheritance law, Sharia, Muslim law, Dagestan.References (transliterated)1. Ismailov M.A. Istorija gosudarstva i prava Dagestana: hrestomatija. Mahachkala: IPC DGU, 2016.2. Karaulov N. Osnovy musul’manskogo prava // Istoricheskoe nasledie. Stavropol’, 1991.3. Kovalevskij M.M. Zakon i obychaj na Kavkaze. T. 2. M., 1890.4. Koran / per. i komm. M-N. Osmanova. Ansarijan, 2000. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICEBatanov A.N.Election of a preventive measure against a suspect: a practice that restricts the exercise of the right to defense
Purpose: Research of the practice of applying a preventive measure to a suspect and the problems that arise in connection with this.Methodology: Formal legal methods were used.Results: The article discusses the practice of choosing a preventive measure against a suspect in the manner provided for in Art. 100 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. It is established that this practice in a number of cases leads to the illegal and unreasonable application of the above measures. In addition, it was concluded that the application of these measures to the suspect results in untimely involvement of the person as the accused, which in turn restricts the exercise of the citizen’s right to defense. Based on the research, proposals have been made to improve the current criminal procedural legislation of the Russian Federation.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a scientific value and practical value, since it is one of the first attempts to consider the practice of applying preventive measures to a suspect from the point of view of exercising the right to defense.Keywords: criminal procedure law, the right to defense, preventive measures, the selection of a preven-tive measure against a suspect.References (transliterated)1. Kalinkina L.D. Pravo storony zashhity na zajavlenie hodatajstv po UPK RF ne podlezhit ogranicheniju // Advokatskaja praktika. 2010. № 3. S. 31.2. Kal’nickij V.V. Sushhnost’ i znachenie privlechenija v kachestve obvinjaemogo // Zakonodatel’stvo i praktika. 2006. № 2(17). S. 17.3. Ugolovnyj process: uchebnik / pod red. V.P. Bozh’-eva. M.: Vysshee obrazovanie, 2005. S. 262–263.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Bochkovskiy A.F.Еhe appeal of of the verdict, entered into legal force
Purpose: To study is to examine the lawyer features of a sentence that entered into legal force.Methodology: This article used normative legal documents.Results: In article problems of interaction of the advocate with the client at making decision on submission of the complaint to the sentence which has taken legal effect are considered and author’s conclusions on the matters are formulated.Novelty/originality/value: the relevance of the chosen themes connected with the peculiarity of advocacy – appeals lawyer court sentence.Keywords: verdict, legal power, appeal.References (transliterated)1. Ashirbekova M.T. Vlijanie principa pravovoj opredelennosti na postroenie sistem sudebno-poverochnogo proizvodstva UUS i UPK RF // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo. 2014. № 3. S. 6–10.2. Borodinova T.G. Teoreticheskie i pravovye osnovy formirovanija instituta peresmotra prigovorov v ugolovno-processual’nom prave Rossii. M., 2014.3. Voskobitova L.A. Konstitucionnye osnovy apelljacii v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve // Aktual’nye problemy rossijskogo prava. 2013. № 12. S. 1619–1624.4. Dikarev I.S. Nadzorno-kassacionnaja forma peresmotra sudebnyh reshenij v ugolovnom processe: monografija / obshh. red. i predisl. V.A. Davydova. Volgograd: Izd-vo VolGU, 2016.5. Kachalova O.V. Kassacionnoe proizvodstvo: puti optimizacii // Ugolovnyj process. 2014. № 5. S. 20–23.6. Kachalova O.V. Predmet proverki sudom kassacionnoj instancii vstupivshih v zakonnuju silu prigovorov, vynesennyh v osobom porjadke sudebnogo razbiratel’stva // Aktual’nye problemy jekonomiki i prava. 2015. № 4. S. 273–278.7. Kuvaldina Ju.V. Obzhalovanie prigovorov, postanovlennyh v osobom porjadke: nastojashhee i budushhee // Ugolovnoe sudoproizvodstvo. 2011. № 3. S. 14–15.8. Lezhe R. Velikie pravovye sistemy sovremennosti. M.: Volters Kluver, 2009.9. Pacacija M.Sh. Jeffektivnost’ processual’noj deja-tel’nosti proverochnyh instancij arbitrazhnogo suda: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra jurid. nauk. M., 2010.10. Presnjakov M.V. Konstitucionnyj princip spravedlivosti: juridicheskaja priroda i normativnoe soderzhanie: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra jurid. nauk. Saratov, 2010.11. Smirnov A. Princip non bis in idem i formy peresmotra sudebnyh reshenij po ugolovnym delam // Ugolovnoe pravo. 2001. № 2. S. 74.12. Smirnov A.V., Kalinovskij K.B. Ugolovnyj process. SPb.: Piter, 2005.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Sedov D.V., Nesmeyanov A.A., Rudenko M.B.About the determination of the size of liability of the parties particular to road transport accidents under the influence of road conditions
Purpose: The use of the mechanism for determining the responsibility of the parties involved in an accident due to road conditions in practice and to develop proposals for improving its effectiveness.Methodology: This article used normative legal documents.Results: With the help of mathematical apparatus of the theory of risk we can determine the probability of an accident because of the actions of the driver or road services. This probability can be considered as the measure of responsibility of each party, helping to justify the proportions for damages.Novelty/originality/value: The article deals with the definition of responsibility of parties involved in road traffic accidents occurring under the influence of the road conditions. Currently, however, research expertise in the civil process almost do not use probabilistic methods of mathematical modeling to justify the degree of responsibility of road services and drivers.Keywords: road, road traffic accident, road conditions, road service, traffic rules, risk theory, amount of liability, damages, auto technical expertise.References (transliterated)1. Stoljarov V.V. Teorija riska v sudebno-tehnicheskoj jekspertize dorozhno-transportnyh proisshestvij s uchastiem peshehodov (+ABS). Saratov, 2010.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Shagieva R.V., Kazanina T.V.Civil legislation acts regulating business activity: stages and directions of further development
Purpose: Research of history of formation сivil legislation acts regulating business activity to define directions of further development.Methodology: Historical-legal and formally-legal method was used.Results: As a result of the research, main stages of forming the considered sphere of legislation are formulated. During further development of civil legislation, that regulates business activity judicial practice, compliance with the rules of legal technology and understanding the purpose of the state – providing citizens opportunities to exercise their constitutional rights must be taken into consideration.Novelty/originality/value: Article possesses scientific value as is an attempts to consider history of development of civil legislation acts regulating business activity through a prism of the implementation of the good faith principle of civil circulation participants.Keywords: civil legislation, entrepreneurial activity, legal entities, contractual legal relations, creditors.References (transliterated)1. Laptev V.A. Istochniki regulirovanija predprinima-tel’sko-pravovyh otnoshenij: tendencii i puti sovershenstvovanija // Gosudarstvo i pravo. 2016. № 6. S. 52–60.2. Kazanina T.V. Sistema i jazykovye osobennosti grazhdanskogo zakonodatel’stva: monografija. M.: Izd-vo Rossijskoj tamozhennoj akademii, 2013.3. Grazhdanskoe pravo. Chast’ pervaja: uchebnik / otv. red. V.P. Mozolin, A.I. Masljaev. M.: Jurist, 2007.4. Erofeeva D.V., Shagieva R.V. Istochniki sovremennogo chastnogo prava. M.: Rusajns, 2015.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Kaurakova M.V.The basis of restriction of property rights in Japan
Purpose: To identify the focal point of the sovereign policy in protection of private property taking different forms as well as to uncover particulars of property rights and their guarantees to all those dealing with this legal system by showing the content and boundaries of the idea of «eternal and inviolate rights» as captured in the Constitution of Japan.Methodology: To meet this end the legislative practice of Japan in limitation of these rights (apart from cases of misuse of rights by private law subjects – owners of property) shall be analyzed. These are main approaches of the legislator kept in the Constitution of the state as well as its general and specific legal acts.Results: The author of the present paper concludes that in Japan «inviolability of property rights» as fundamental rights is not a mere declaration rather a principle guiding the activity of public authorities making all efforts to prevent their violation or restore the balance of private law interests when they are in breach for public interests.Novelty/originality/value: The author of the present paper undertook an effort to make a sophisticated theoretical survey of the property regime in Japan as well as terms of its limitation (apart from cases of misuse of rights).Keywords: expropriation, private property, eternal and inviolate rights, limitation of rights.References (transliterated)1. The Constitution of Japan promulgated on November 3, 1946, came into effect on May 3, 1947.2. Mezhdunarodnyj pakt o grazhdanskih i politicheskih pravah, prinjatyj rezoljuciej 2200 A (XXI) General’noj Assamblei ot 16 dekabrja 1966 g.3. Vseobshhaja deklaracija prav cheloveka prinjata rezoljuciej 217A (III) General’noj Assamblei OON ot 10 dekabrja 1948 g.4. Civil Code of Japan (Act № 89 of 1896).5. The Land Expropriation (Compulsory Purchase) Law № 219 of 1951.6. The River Law of Japan № 167 of 1964.7. City planning act № 100 of 1968.8. Waterways Law № 167 of 1964.9. Designated Multi-purpose Dam Law № 35 of 1957.10. Cultural Assets Protection Law № 214 of 1950.11. Administrative Litigation Law № 139 of 1962.12. Administrative Case Litigation Act № 139 of 1962.13. Judgment of the Sapporo District Court, Civil Division № 3, March 27, 1997.14. Tokyo Governor Banned from Expropriating Land for Expressway, MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, Oct. 3, 2003. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Melkonyan D.A.Invalid transaction as a cover for fraud
Purpose: To identify the specifics of using invalid transactions to cover up fraudulent activities.Methodology: The formal legal method, comparative analysis, normative and dogmatic analysis were used.Results: This article analyzes the complex problem of covering fraudulent transactions with invalid transactions. The author pays special attention to invalid transactions with real estate, which are very common and often serve as a cover for fraud and other criminal acts. Classify the main types of invalid transactions in real estate, aimed at covering up fraudulent activities. Attention is drawn to the importance of this problem for Russian law enforcement practice. Also, the author turns to the consideration of deception as an important component of fraudulent activities. The author claims that it is necessary to improve domestic legislation and enforcement in order to increase the protection of citizens from fraudulent transactions.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a scientific value, since it highlights the topic of the most vulnerable and important for Russian civil and criminal law cover for invalidity of fraudulent transactions, including in the real estate market.Keywords: transaction, invalid transaction, fraud, deception, insignificance of transaction, civil law.References (transliterated)1. Il’in D.V. Nezakonnye sdelki s zemlej: ugolovno-pravovaja ocenka: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. M., 2013.2. Korkina N.M., Babin A.A. Moshennichestvo na rynke nedvizhimosti: sposoby zashhity i vosstanovlenija prav postradavshih // Imushhestvennye otnoshenija v Rossijskoj Federacii. 2014. № 4 (151). S. 51–60.3. Malofeev A.A. Negativnoe vlijanie sdelok s porokami voli na grazhdanskij oborot // Izvestija Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A.I. Gercena. 2008. № 24 (55).S. 218–222.4. Permjakov A.V. K voprosu ob opredelenii ponjatija «obman» i ego mesta v mehanizme grazhdansko-pravovogo regulirovanija // Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Juridicheskie nauki. 2011. № 2(12).5. Senchalieva L.Je. Moshennichestvo: Ugolovno-pravovoj i kriminologicheskij aspekt: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. Stavropol’, 2004. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Lisitskaya A.Y.Mechanism of judicial control of the contract terms fairness (article 428 of the civil code of the Russian Federation)
Purpose: The freedom of contract cannot be absolute; it has defined limits according to the purposes of the weaker party defense from unfair contract conditions dictated to it. The fight against unfair contract conditions is executed by means of different legislative constructions, the central place among which belongs to the mechanism stipulated in the article 428 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The author of the article sets an objective to compare the action of the said mechanism of control of the fairness contract conditions till the civil law reform and after the relevant modifications implementation to the law article in question.Methodology: General scientific methods such as the analysis, the synthesis, the comparison and legal methods of research were used.Results: On the basis of the analysis of civil law novels and common law materials the author concluded that the court can apply the consequences determined by the article 428 of the Civil Code of The Russian Federation to any contract conditions individually unagreed and dictated to the weaker party. Herewith it is not important whether the condition claimed is standard. The author attempted to analyse main problems arising in common law when applying the mechanism of control of the fairness contract conditions. On the ground of the research undertaken the author concluded that it is necessary to improve in future the provision of the article 428 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation for effective defense of weaker party of contractual legal relationship from unfair conditions dictated to it.Novelty/originality/value: The article has its particular scientific value and practical relevance as it presents one of the first attempt to analyze basic problems arising when applying the control mechanism of contract relations fairness.Keywords: contract, freedom of contract, restriction of contract freedom, weaker party of contract, judicial control, unfair term contract, adhesion contract.References (transliterated)1. Vitrjanskij V.V. Grazhdanskij kodeks o dogovore // Vestnik Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii. 1995. № 10. S. 100–118.2. Grazhdanskoe ulozhenie Germanii: Vvodnyj zakon k grazhdanskomu ulozheniju: per. s nem. / nauch. red. T.F. Jakovleva. 4-e izd., pererab. M.: Infotropik Media, 2015.3. Karapetov A.G., Bevzenko R.S. Kommentarij k normam GK ob otdel’nyh vidah dogovorov v kontekste Postanovlenija Plenuma VAS RF «O svobode dogovora i ee predelah» // Vestnik Vysshego Arbitrazhnogo Suda Rossijskoj Federacii. 2014. № 8. S. 4–97.4. Karapetov A.G., Savel’ev A.I. Svoboda dogovora i ee predely: v 2 t. T. 2: Predely svobody opredelenija uslovij dogovora v zarubezhnom i rossijskom prave. M.: Statut, 2012.5. Karapetov A.G., Fetisova E.M. Praktika primenenija arbitrazhnymi sudami Postanovlenija Plenuma VAS RF ot 14.03.2014 № 16 «O svobode dogovora i ee predelah» // Vestnik jekonomicheskogo pravosudija. 2015. № 12. S. 146–191.6. Krassov E.O. Dogovor o prisoedinenii k torgovoj sisteme optovogo rynka jelektricheskoj jenergii // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. 2008. № 1. S. 86–96.7. Mjagkova O.I. Zashhita slaboj storony ot nespravedlivyh uslovij dogovora v rossijskom grazhdanskom prave // Rossijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2016. № 1 (106). S. 123–135.8. Savel’ev A.I. Dogovor prisoedinenija v rossijskom grazhdanskom prave // Vestnik grazhdanskogo prava. 2010. № 5. S. 13–75.9. Savel’ev A.I. Dogovor prisoedinenija kak special’nyj mehanizm kontrolja nad spravedlivost’ju finanso-vyh sdelok v Rossii: upushhennye vozmozhnosti i perspektivy // Chastnoe pravo i finansovyj rynok: sbornik statej. M.: Statut, 2014, Vyp. 2. S. 253–325. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ADVOCACY PRACTICE
Shchennikov V. A.Concept of damage at involvement of the employer to liability before the worker under the Russian labor law
Purpose: Consideration of the concept «damage» at involvement of the employer to liability before the worker under the Russian labor law.Methodology: Formal-legal and comparative methods, the analysis, synthesis were used.Results: In article the theoretical questions connected with understanding of category of damage in the context of liability of the employer before the worker are considered.Novelty/originality/value: Article has the scientific value as is attempt to consider a question, relevant for the theory and practice.Keywords: labor law, liability, worker, employer, damage, losses.References (transliterated)1. Ibragimova A.I. Grazhdansko-pravovaja sushhnost’ i opredelenie ponjatij vreda i ubytkov // Biznes v zakone. 2013. № 5.2. Kuznecov Ju.A. Trudopravovaja otvetstvennost’: ponjatie, vidy: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. Perm’, 2005.3. Ratehina V.A. Trudopravovye garantii prava na zarabotnuju platu: avtoref. dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. SPb., 2007.
PROTECTION OF THE PROFESSIONAL RIGHTS OF ADVOCATEMerkulova A.Yu.Financial problems in cases of advocates’ assignment
Purpose: To research current Russian legislation concerning the payments covering advocates’ participation in the cases of assignment. The purpose of this article is also to identify significant problems in financing instruments of such activity.Methodology: The dialectical, formal-legal, comparative, statistical, systematic methods were used.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a scientific and practical value, because it represents the results of conducted research of the financing instruments to cover advocates’ participation in the cases of assignment, it also contains proposals to improve the financing instruments.Keywords: legal profession, advocacy, duty lawyer scheme, free legal assistance, social advocacy, right of defense, dock brief.References (transliterated)1. Kolokolov N.A. Oplata truda advokata za okazanie juridicheskoj pomoshhi po naznacheniju: problemy, oboznachennye praktikoj // Advokatskaja praktika. 2010. № 4. S. 2–6; № 6. S. 2–6; 2011. № 1. S. 2–7.2. Mereckij N.E. Uslovija razvitija sostjazatel’nosti storon v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve // Rossijskij sledovatel’. 2013. № 11. S. 24–27.3. Chebotareva I.N. Pravo podozrevaemogo i obvinjaemogo pol’zovat’sja pomoshh’ju zashhitnika v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve besplatno // Advokatskaja praktika. 2015. № 6. S. 33–36.4. Rezoljucija Ob oplate truda advokatov, uchastvujushhih v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve v kachestve zashhitnikov po naznacheniju, ot 20.04.2017 [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://fparf.ru/documents/congress_documents/congress_resolutions/37737/.5. Otchet o dejatel’nosti Soveta FPA RF za period s aprelja 2015 g. po aprel’ 2017 g. ot 19.04.2017 [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://fparf.ru/documents/council_documents/council_reports/37679/.6. A.P. Galoganov o situacii s zadolzhennost’ju po st. 50, 51 UPK RF na Sovete sudej Moskovskoj oblasti [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.apmo.ru/uid1124/?show=theme&id=1451.7. I vnov’ o situacii s zaderzhkami oplaty po naznacheniju. 23.12.2016. [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.apmo.ru/uid57/?show=theme&id=1403.8. Rezoljucija ocherednoj konferencii advokatov Moskovskoj oblasti v svjazi s zadolzhennost’ju po oplate truda advokatov, osushhestvljavshih zashhitu po naznacheniju organov doznanija, predvaritel’nogo sledstvija ili suda. 10.02.2017 [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.apmo.ru/uid1124/?show=theme&id=1466.
PROTECTION OF THE PROFESSIONAL RIGHTS OF ADVOCATE
Olenev A.B.About need of carrying out a research of problems of a regulation and realization of the professional rights of the advocate which are directly not provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation
Purpose: Definition of the further directions of a research of problems of a regulation and realization of the professional rights of the lawyer which are directly not provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.Methodology: The formal legal method, the comparative analysis, the standard and dogmatic analysis were used.Results: In article results of earlier conducted researches of problems of a regulation and realization of the professional rights of the lawyer which are directly not provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation are analyzed and conclusions about the maintenance of the further directions of a research of this scientific problem are formulated.Novelty/originality/value: Article has the scientific value as lights a scientific problem, important for development of the Russian legal profession.Keywords: legal profession, advocate, professional rights of the advocate.References (transliterated)1. http://fparf.ru/corporation/community/advocacy/.2. Advokatura Rossii: uchebnik / pod red. S.S. Jur’eva. M.: Jurajt, 2011.3. Levi A.A., Ignat’eva M.V., Kapica E.I. Osobennosti predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija prestuplenij, osushhestvljaemogo s uchastiem advokata. M.: Jurlitinform, 2003.4. Pressa kak pomoshhnik advokata // Novaja advokatskaja gazeta. 2009. № 10.5. Ragulin A.V. Organizacija dejatel’nosti advokata-zashhitnika: sovershenstvovanie reglamentacii i realizacii professional’nyh prav: monografija. M.: Jurlitinform, 2013.6. Ragulin A.V. Professional’nye prava advokata-zashhitnika v Rossijskoj Federacii i zarubezhnyh gosudarstvah: monografija. M.: Jurlitinform, 2012. S. 143–304.7. Ragulin A.V. Professional’nye prava advokata-zashhitnika v Rossijskoj Federacii: voprosy teorii i praktiki: dis. ... d-ra jurid. nauk. M., 2015.8. Semenov V. Nuzhen li chastnyj syshhik v ugolovnom processe? // Zakonnost’. 2005. № 7.9. Semencov V.A., Skrebec G.G. Uchastie advokata-zashhitnika v formirovanii dokazatel’stv na stadii predvaritel’nogo rassledovanija. M.: Jurlitinform, 2009.10. Smolenskij M.B. Advokatskaja dejatel’nost’ i advokatura Rossijskoj Federacii. Rostov n/D: Feniks, 2004. (Vysshee obrazovanie).
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EURASIAN SPACEKhodusov A.A.About the system of monitoring compliance with the European social Charter
Purpose: Analysis of problems of control of observance of the European social charter.Methodology: Historical-legal and formally-legal method are used.Results: The main measures for implementation of a number of the organizational and legislative measures directed to enhancement and a pravovuy regulation of procedures for implementation of control over observance of the European social charter in the Russian Federation are allocated in this article.Novelty/originality/value: Article has the scientific value as in it the control mechanism of observance in the Russian Federation of regulations of the European social Charter is offered.Keywords: the European social Charter, the control mechanism, the social laws, the control system, the social problems.References (transliterated)1. Gom’en D., Harris D., Zvaak L. Evropejskaja Konvencija o pravah cheloveka i Evropejskaja Social’naja Hartija: pravo i praktika. M., 1998.2. Evropejskaja Social’naja Hartija: spravochnik. M., 2000.3. Izbrannye reshenija Evropejskogo suda po pravam cheloveka. Stat’ja 11 Evropejskoj konvencii o zashhite prav cheloveka i osnovnyh svobod / sost.: K. Baranov, V. Gromova, N. Zvjagina, D. Makarov. M.: Moskovskaja Hel’sinskaja gruppa, 2012.4. Mazitova I.R. Sistema kollektivnyh zhalob po Evropejskoj social’noj Hartii: avtoref. dis. ... kand. jurid. nauk. Kazan’, 2008.
HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Saneev S.O.Influence of precepts of law on the criminal procedural status of minors in the Federal Republic of Germany
Purpose: To track the main tendencies of influence of precepts of law on the criminal procedural status of minors in the Federal Republic of Germany.Methodology: The methodological basis of a research is made by a complex of general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, and special methods – historical, system and structural, comparative and legal.Results: In article the criminal procedure status of minors in Germany is considered, tendencies of influence of precepts of law on the criminal procedure status of the minor offender are investigated, the selective analysis of the Law of Germany «About justice for minors» is submitted, examples of jurisprudence are given.Novelty/originality/value: Article has a certain scientific value as in her the current scientific problem which is insufficiently investigated in domestic jurisprudence is considered.Keywords: procedural status, precepts of law, measures of educational character, remedial measures, minors, Germany.References (transliterated)1. Teregulova A.I. Pravovoj status nesovershennoletnih obvinjaemyh po zakonodatel’stvu Germanii: sravnitel’nyj analiz s otechestvennym zakonodatel’stvom // Voprosy sovremennoj jurisprudencii: sbornik statej po materialam XLV–XLVI mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. 2015. № 1–2 (44).2. Ugolovnaja otvetstvennost’ nesovershennoletnih v Germanii // Johannes Jengel’mann. Advokatskaja kanceljarija [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.advokat-engelmann.de/index.php?do=cat&category=juegend-strafrecht JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACEVatrushkin A.A.The legal framework for cybersecurity of Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure
Purpose: To establish the legal framework for cybersecurity Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure at the present stage of development.Methodology: Historical-legal and formally-legal method was used.Results: The article highlights the main legal acts in the field of cybersecurity, given their characteristics. Also discussed Russian Federation’s legislative initiatives in order to create legal basis for effective functioning security systems of Russian Federation’s critical information infrastructure. It is established that at the moment there is no universally accepted definition of «cyberspace», «cybersecurity», the lack of an unified approach to the terminology complicates the process of international cooperation. It is established that there is no universally accepted definition of cyberspace, cybersecurity at the moment, the lack of a unified approach to the terminology complicates the process of international cooperation. In this regard, it is necessary to develop common terminology for cyberspace and cybersecurity, harmonized with the existing terminology in the field of information security, information-psychological security. It is established that the leading role in the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure belongs to telecommunications. Numerous cases of purposeful use of ICT to damage critical infrastructure demonstrate the possibility of real damage. Identified and justified the need for an integrated approach to solving problems, combining the development of the regulatory framework, implementation of the best management practices of information security, certified information security, the full security of the information sphere of the state is possible only with the use of own equipment as well as remedies.Novelty/originality/value: The article possesses high scientific value, because it reveals a comprehensive approach to the cybersecurity of the Russian Federation’s critical infrastructure.Keywords: information security legislation, critical infrastructure, cybersecurity, information security threats, cybercrime.References (transliterated)1. Proekt Federal’nogo zakona № 47571-7 «O bezopasnosti kriticheskoj informacionnoj infrastruktury Rossijskoj Federacii» (red., vnesennaja v GD FS RF, tekst po sostojaniju na 06.12.2016).2. Agadzhanov M. Jenergosistema Ukrainy dejstvitel’no podverglas’ atake zloumyshlennikov: vyvody SANS [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://geektimes.ru/post/269002/.3. Alizar A. Podrobnosti o besprecedentnom vzlome jelektricheskoj seti Ukrainy [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://geektimes.ru/post/272232/.4. Bolee 160 tysjach komponentov ASU TP dostupny dlja atak iz Interneta: otchet Positive Technologies [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.securitylab.ru/news/486148.php.5. Iranskie hakery vzlomali komp’jutery GJeS pod N’ju-Jorkom // BBC Russkaja sluzhba [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.bbc.com/russian/news/2015/12/151218_iran_hackers_us_dam.6. Kasperskij predrek rost chisla atak na rossijskie promyshlennye ob#ekty [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.securitylab.ru/news/485070.php.7. Putin odobril podpisanie soglashenija SNG po bor’be s kiberprestupnost’ju [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://tass.ru/politika/4512032.8. Putin podpisal zakon o zaprete anonimajzerov [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://tass.ru/obschestvo/4450321.9. Safonov O.M. Ugolovno-pravovaja ocenka ispol’zovanija komp’juternyh tehnologij pri sovershenii prestuplenij: sostojanie zakonodatel’stva i pravoprimenitel’noj praktiki, perspektivy sovershenstvovanija: dis. ... kand. jurid. nauk. M., 2015. S. 158.10. Chernenko E. Protivoborstvo sverhderzhav. Rossija predlagaet izmenit’ pravila bor’by s kiberprestupnost’ju v mirovom masshtabe [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3270136.11. Chto god grjadushhij nam gotovit? V 2017 godu vymogateli perekljuchatsja na internet veshhej [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://club.esetnod32.ru/news/novosti_eset/chto-god-gryadushchiy-nam-gotovit/.12. Positive Technologies ocenila bezopasnost’ ASU TP [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.itweek.ru/security/news-company/detail.php?ID=195379.13. Yaakov Katz. Stuxnet may destroyed 1,000 centrifuges at Natanz [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.jpost.com/Defense/Stuxnet-may-have-destroyed-1000-centrifuges-at-Natanz. JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Moliboga N.O.Actual issues of counteraction to illegal export of capital
Purpose: Research of actual issues of counteraction to illegal export of capital from RussiaMethodology: Formally-legal and statistical method were used.Results: The article considers the relevance of counteraction to the illegal export of capital. The Russian legislation has been analyzed in the sphere of combating illicit export of capital. Proposed measures to combat the illegal export of capital.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a certain scientific value, because it addresses the actual problem of countering illegal export of capital.Keywords: illegal export, capital, financial operations, currency regulation, counteraction.References (transliterated)1. Bekrenev Ju.V., Mudrevskij A.Ju. Valjutnyj i finansovyj liberalizm kak ugrozy jekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti Rossii // Jekonomika, statistika i informatika. 2015. № 3. S. 36.2. Gershanovich E.A. Valjutnaja liberalizacija: za i protiv // Izvestija Tomskogo politehnicheskogo universiteta. 2007. T. 310. № 1. S. 231.3. Kabir L.S., Jakovlev I.A., Nikulina S.I. Valjutnaja liberalizacija v zarubezhnyh stranah: nakoplennyj opyt i perspektivy // Finansy i kredit. 2016. № 4. S. 36–47.4. Nagovicyn A.G. Utechka rossijskogo kapitala za granicu: prichinno-sledstvennye svjazi // Vestnik IJe RAN. 2016. № 2. S. 176.5. Nezakonnyj vyvod kapitala v 2004–2013 godah [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://global-finances.ru/global-financial-integrity-nezakonnyiy-vyivod-kapitala.6. Rekomendacii FATF [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations.7. Sulakshin S.S. i dr. Ottok kapitala iz Rossii: problemy i reshenija // Trudy Centra problemnogo analiza i gosudarstvenno-upravlencheskogo proektirovanija. Vyp. 26. M.: Nauchnyj jekspert, 2013. S. 29.8. Statistika vneshnego sektora [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.cbr.ru/statistics. JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Rakhimov E.Kh.On the issue of the legal mechanism of counteracting corruption in the public procurement
Purpose: Analysis of the phenomenon of corruption in the aspect of its manifestations in the sphere of procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs.Methodology: Formal-legal and comparative methods, analysis, synthesis were used.Results: Some forms of corruption manifestation, which arise in the procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs, are analyzed, recommendations on accounting for this type of corruption as a significant threat to economic security are suggested.Novelty/Originality/Value: The correlation of economic security and corruption in the contract system has been investigated. The main structural elements of the system of ensuring economic security in the sphere of public procurement, including elements of counteracting corruption in this sphere, are determined.Keywords: сontract system, economic security, state order, procurement, corruption.References (transliterated)1. Kovtunova S.Ju. Mehanizm vzaimodejstvija hozjajstvujushhego sub#ekta s organami vnutrennih del v sisteme protivodejstvija tenevym jekonomicheskim javlenijam: dis. … kand. jurid. nauk. SPb., 2011. S. 37.2. Naumov Ju.G. Institucional’naja korrupcija kak ugroza jekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti: tendencii i perspektivy protivodejstvija. M.: Akademija upravlenija MVD Rossii, 2012.3. Hismatullin O.Ju., Arutjunjan M.S. K voprosu o povyshenii jeffektivnosti rashodovanija bjudzhetnyh sredstv v sfere gosudarstvennyh zakupok // Evrazijskij juridicheskij zhurnal. 2017. № 5 (108).4. Jekonomicheskaja bezopasnost’ Rossii: Obshhij kurs: uchebnik / pod ruk. V.K. Senchagova. M.: Delo, 2005. S. 22.5. http://rusjurist.ru/goszakupki_i_tendery/korrupciya_v_sfere_gosudarstvennyh_zakupok/#3.6. https://www.amur.kp.ru/daily/26609/3626688/.7. http://www.ach.gov.ru/press_center/publications-in-mass-media/26507.
JUSTICE AND LAW-ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITY IN THE EURASIAN SPACE
Moiseev A.A.Judicial and non-judicial ways of protection against corruption
Purpose: Consideration of judicial and non-judicial ways of protection against corruption.Methodology: Dialectical method, analysis, synthesis, comparative legal method were used.Results: This article presents the main mechanisms of combating corruption - judicial and non-judicial. Also, the levers of regulation of anti-corruption legislation and the sense of understanding of protection from corruption, as protection of constitutional human rights, are described.Novelty/originality/value: This article has a high scientific value, as it reveals one of the significant obstacles to the implementation of Constitutional human rights and the development of a modern legal society.Keywords: corruption, protection against corruption, basic constitutional law.References (transliterated)1. Koshheeva E.S. Znachenie reshenij Evropejskogo suda po pravam cheloveka v tolkovanii prava na sud // Vestnik VjatGU. 2012. Vyp. 1. T. 2.2. Minenok M.G. K voprosu o bor’be s korrupciej // Vestnik Baltijskogo federal’nogo universiteta im. I. Kanta. 2013. Vyp. 9.3. Pavroz A.V. Sociologicheskij analiz bjurokratii i fundamental’nye protivorechija sovremennyh administrativnyh reform v Rossii // Vestnik SPbGU. 2010. Ser. 12. Vyp. 2.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICEInshakova A.O.EU road transport: features of legal regulation and unification
Purpose: To establish the specifics of the legal regulation of activities in the field of road transport, taking into account the features and values of this sector of the national economy, not only for a single country, but for a whole region united by the idea ofinterstate multinational integration as a priority foreign economic partner of the Russian Federation.Methodology: The basic methodological arsenal of research consists of general scientific methods (dialectical method of cognition, method of analysis, synthesis, analogy, formal-logical method, etc.), as well as private-scientific methods (historico-legal, system-structural, analytical, formal-legal, functional, the method of modeling).Results: As a result of the study, general and directed reform activities, as well as interstate regulation of public relations in the field of road transport of the EU as the most important area of active economic reforms in the world today in the mainstream of international integration processes.Novelty/originality/value: The statement that the European legislator has previously been given priority in the choice of harmonization as a method of legal integration within the framework of transport regulation. Depending on the two methods of legal, legal regulation of EU motor transport, as well as the need to change them one way or another.Keywords: pan-European economy, transport complex, general EU legal policy, legal regulation of EU road transport, unification of the legislation of the Member States in the field of road transport.References (transliterated)1. Dubovik O.L. Jekologicheskaja politika ES v sfere pravovogo regulirovanija oborota produktov i produkcii // Jekologicheskoe pravo. 2008. № 2. S. 33–36.2. Evropejskoe mezhdunarodnoe pravo: uchebnik / otv. red. Ju.M. Kolosov, Je.S. Krivchikova, P.V. Savas’kov. M.: Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2005.3. Inshakova A.O., Bordunov V.D. Transportnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza // Osnovy evropejskogo integracionnogo prava: uchebnik / avt. kollektiv: A.H. Abashidze i dr.; pod red. d-ra jurid. nauk, prof. A.H. Abashidze, d-ra jurid. nauk, prof. A.O. Inshakovoj. M.: Jurist, 2012. S. 301–336.4. Inshakova A.O., Bordunov V.D. Transportnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza // Pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza: uchebnik i praktikum dlja bakalavriata i magistratury / avt. kollektiv: A.H. Abashidze i dr.; pod red. A.H. Abashidze, A.O. Inshakovoj. M.: Jurajt, 2016. S. 247–272.5. Inshakova A.O., Bordunov V.D. Transportnoe pravo Evropejskogo Sojuza // Pravovye osnovy jekonomicheskogo i social’nogo regulirovanija ES: ucheb.-metod. posob. / avt. kollektiv: A.H. Abashidze i dr.; pod red. A.O. Inshakovoj. Volgograd: Volgogradskoe nauchnoe izd-vo, 2010. S. 477–507.6. Inshakova A.O. Principy pravovogo obespechenija svobod obshhego rynka v transportnoj politike ES // Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Juridicheskie nauki. 2012. № 3 (17). S. 242–251.7. Kashkin S.Ju. Pravo ES: ucheb. posob. / otv. red. S.Ju. Kashkin. M.: Prospekt, 2011.8. Reglament Evropejskogo Parlamenta i Soveta Evropejskogo Sojuza № 165/2014 ot 4 fevralja 2014 g. o tahografah na dorozhnom transporte, otmene Reglamenta (EJeS) № 3821/85 Soveta ES o registrirujushhem oborudovanii na dorozhnom transporte i ob izmenenii Reglamenta (ES) № 561/2006 Evropejskogo Parlamenta i Soveta ES o garmonizacii opredelennogo social’nogo zakonodatel’stva otnositel’no avtodorozhnogo transporta. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy SPS Garant.9. Reglament ot 21 oktjabrja 2009 goda № 1071/2009, ustanavlivajushhij obshhie pravila otnositel’no uslovij, kotorye dolzhny sobljudat’sja dlja osushhestvlenija professional’noj dejatel’nosti operatora avtomobil’nyh perevozok, i otmenjajushhij Direktivu № 96/26/ES. Dostup iz sprav.-pravovoj sistemy SPS «Garant».10. Rossija i evropejskoe pravo: materialy mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii 11–12 maja 2000 g., g. Moskva / red. sovet: L.M. Jentin i dr. M.: NORMA, 2001.11. Castillo-Manzano J.I., Castro-Nuño M., Fageda, X. Are traffic violators criminals? Searching for answers in the experiences of European countries // Transport Policy. 2015. № 38. P. 86–9412. Lazzeroni L. Transport companies in cross-border markets and social rights for «sustainable mobility» // Lavoro e Diritto. 2017. № 31(1). P. 37–66/13. Zitz G., Matopoulos A. Developments and prospects of freight railway transport in Northern Germany: A Delphi survey // International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management. 2014. № 18(4). P. 500–516.14. http://ec.europa.eu/transport/facts-fundings/statistics/doc/2014/pocketbook2014.pdf.15. http://ec.europa.eu/transport/road/haulage/market_developments_en.htm.16. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid= 1513320657703&uri=CELEX:32013R1315.17. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.183.01.0059.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:183:TOC.18. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.015.01.0051.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:015:TOC19. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2006.102.01.0001.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2006:102:TOC.20. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2017.207.01.0030.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2017:207:TOC.21. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2016.082.01.0001.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2016:082:TOC.22. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/_static/pdf/connect-to-compete-jobs-v3_en.pdf.23. https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/pocketbook2016.pdf. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Ponomar S.P.About new approaches in civil law to a ratio of the concepts «business-activity» (business) and economic activity
Purpose: To investigate new approaches in civil law to a ratio of the concepts «business-activity» (business) and economic activityMethodology: Were used dialectic and formal-legal methods.Results: The position according to which there are bases not only for ascertaining of relevance of a research of a question of a ratio of category «business» and «economic activity», but also for their fixing the civil legislation that is caused, including need of performance of acts of the President of Russia is reasoned.Novelty/originality/value: Article has a certain scientific value. It is proved that in the Message of the Russian President of 2016 where the term «business» is used more than thirteen times, in decrees of 2017 – business is obviously not a synonym of economic activity, but it is characterized as special category, the structure of the Russian economy providing structural changes.Keywords: activity, economic activity, right, civil law, business, legislation, category, term, concept, economy, state, regulation, power, business, message, President.References (transliterated)1. Razreshitel’naja sistema v Rossijskoj Federacii: nauchno-praktich. posob. // L.Ju. Akimov, L.V. Andrichenko, E.A. Artem’eva i dr.; otv. red. A.F. Nozdrachev. M.: Institut zakonodatel’stva i sravnitel’nogo pravovedenija pri Pravitel’stve RF: INFRA-M, 2015.2. Beljakova A.V. Mehanizmy sudebnoj i vnesudebnoj zashhity prava na sudoproizvodstvo v razumnyj srok: monografija. M.: Justicinform, 2016.3. Sbornik nauchnyh statej III Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Aktual’nye problemy predprinimatel’skogo i korporativnogo prava v Rossii i za rubezhom» (25 aprelja 2016 goda, g. Moskva) // E.A. Abrosimova, V.K. Andreev, L.V. Andreeva i dr.; pod obshh. red. S.D. Mogilevskogo, M.A. Egorovoj. M., 2016.4. Alistarhov V. Annulirovanie trudovogo dogovora kak sposob ne vyplachivat’ zarplatu // Trudovoe pravo. 2016. № 5. S. 59–68.5. Demieva A.G. Predprinimatel’skaja dejatel’nost’ bez obrazovanija juridicheskogo lica. M.: Statut, 2016.6. Zvezdina T.M. Gosudarstvennaja podderzhka sub#ektov malogo i srednego predprinimatel’stva v Rossii. Gosudarstvennoe i dogovornoe regulirovanie predprinimatel’skoj dejatel’nosti: kollektivnaja monografija / pod nauch. red. prof. V.S. Belyh. M.: Prospekt, 2015.7. Gosudarstvo i biznes v sisteme pravovyh koordinat // V.R. Avhadeev, S.B. Bal’haeva, Ju.V. Bobrova i dr.; otv. red. A.V. Gabov. M.: IziSP: INFRA-M, 2014.8. Predprinimatel’skoe pravo: Pravovoe soprovozhdenie biznesa: uchebnik dlja magistrov / R.N. Aganina, V.K. Andreev, L.V. Andreeva i dr.; otv. red. I.V. Ershova. M.: Prospekt, 2017.9. Ershova E.A. Gudvill biznesa. M.: Statut, 2013.10. Spesivov V. Novye stimuly dlja malogo biznesa // JeZh-Jurist. 2017. № 25. S. 6.11. Sirotkina T.A., Pepeljaev S.G. Opyt Rossii i OJeSR v stimulirovanii jekologichnogo biznesa // Zakon. 2017. № 5. S. 57–66.12. Ivanov A.A. Biznes-agregatory i pravo // Zakon. 2017. № 5. S. 145–156.13. Ahtyrko D. Verhovenstvo prava dlja biznes-sredy. Mezhdunarodno-pravovoj aspekt // JeZh-Jurist. 2017. № 17–18. S. 3.14. Gruntovskij I.I. Pravovaja sreda obshhestva kak osnova bezopasnosti biznesa // Bezopasnost’ biznesa. 2017. № 3. S. 20–25.15. Burkova Ju.S. Vzaimodejstvie organov publichnoj vlasti i predprinimatel’skih soobshhestv: sovremennyj opyt // Bezopasnost’ biznesa. 2017. № 1. S. 20–24.16. Nurtdinova A.F. Social’naja otvetstvennost’ biznesa: pravovye aspekty jekonomicheskoj koncepcii // Zhurnal rossijskogo prava. 2015. № 1. S. 30–46.17. Zashhita delovoj reputacii v sluchajah ee diffamacii ili nepravomernogo ispol’zovanija (v sfere kommercheskih otnoshenij): nauchno-praktich. posob. / D.V. Afanas’ev, A.S. Vorozhevich, M.E. Glazkova i dr.; pod obshh. red. M.A. Rozhkovoj. M: Statut, 2015.18. See the Meaning of «Enterprise», «Business» and «Business Profits» Under Tax Treaties and EU Tax Low. Guglielmo Maisto, IBFD. 2011. P. 517–518.19. Kirakosjan S.A., Tahtenkova A.O. O problemah pravovogo regulirovanija rossijskogo «domashnego biznesa» // Zakony Rossii: opyt, analiz, praktika. 2015. № 10. S. 100–104.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Zatochnaia A.D.Legal aspects of the use of digital currencies: world experience
Purpose: To study the development of digital currencies and their entry into the legal system of the countries of the world.Methodology: Formal legal method and an analysis of the real situation.Results: The article reveals the main elements of the creation and operation of digital currencies, their correlation in electronic and fiat money. The main legal basis for regulating digital currencies in the world legal field has also been revealed.Novelty/originality/value: The article has a high scientific value, as it is one of the first attempts to consider digital currencies in terms of their legal regulation and its necessity.Keywords: digital currency, blockchain, distributed registry, legal regulation, fiat currency, transaction.References (transliterated)1. Direktiva 2009/110/ES Evropejskogo parlamenta i Soveta ES ot 16.09.2009 ob organizacii, dejatel’nosti i prudencial’nom nadzore za dejatel’nost’ju uchrezhdenij jelektronnyh deneg.2. Dr Garrick Hileman & Michel Rauchs. Global cryptocurrency benchmarking study. Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance, 2017. ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LAW SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Uskova M.S.Ways of modernization of legislation in the sphere of agricultural insurance, performed with state support
Purpose: To identify ways to address some of the problems that arise in the process of implementing the legal provisions in the field of agricultural insurance, carried out with state support.Methodology: Formally-legal method was used.Results: The author developed the way to modernize legislation in the field of agricultural insurance in Russia.Novelty/originality/value: Scientific work is of great scientific value in view of the fact that it represents an independent author’s study of ways to solve a number of problems of the current legislation in the field of agricultural insurance, carried out with state support.to identify ways to address some of the problems that arise in the process of implementing regulations in the field of agricultural insurance, carried out with state support, through innovation.Keywords: state support, agricultural insurance, remote sensing of the Earth, loss (loss) of yield, innovation.References (transliterated)1. Bogachev A.I., Poljakova A.A. Sovremennoe sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija agrostrahovanija s gosudarstvennoj podderzhkoj // Politematicheskij nauchnyj zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2016. № 80(06). S. 11–15.2. GOST 22.0.03-97/GOST R 22.0.03-95 «Bezopasnost’ v chrezvychajnyh situacijah. Prirodnye chrezvychajnye situacii. Terminy i opredelenija» [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/gost-22-0-03-97.3. Proekt Federal’nogo zakona «O vnesenii izmenenij v Federal’nyj zakon «O gosudarstvennoj podderzhke v sfere sel’skohozjajstvennogo strahovanija i o vnesenii izmenenij v Federal’nyj zakon «O razvitii sel’skogo hozjajstva» (podgotovlen Minsel’hozom Rossii) (ne vnesen v GD FS RF, tekst po sostojaniju na 03.11.2017) [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=PRJ;n=165465#0.4. «RD 52.88.699-2008. Rukovodjashhij dokument. Polozhenie o porjadke dejstvij uchrezhdenij i organizacij pri ugroze vozniknovenija i vozniknovenii opasnyh prirodnyh javlenij» (vveden v dejstvie Prikazom Rosgidrometa ot 16.10.2008 № 387) [Jelektronnyj resurs]. URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200105083.
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